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Amorphous boron nitride: synthesis, properties and device application
(SPRINGER, 2025-05-02) Sattari-Esfahlan, Seyed Mehdi; Mirzaei, Saeed; Josline, Mukkath Joseph; Moon, Ji-Yun; Hyun, Sang-Hwa; Jang, Houk; Lee, Jae-Hyun
Amorphous boron nitride (a-BN) exhibits remarkable electrical, optical, and chemical properties, alongside robust mechanical stability, making it a compelling material for advanced applications in nanoelectronics and photonics. This review comprehensively examines the unique characteristics of a-BN, emphasizing its electrical and optical attributes, state-of-the-art synthesis techniques, and device applications. Key advancements in low-temperature growth methods for a-BN are highlighted, offering insights into their potential for integration into scalable, CMOS-compatible platforms. Additionally, the review discusses the emerging role of a-BN as a dielectric material in electronic and photonic devices, serving as substrates, encapsulation layers, and gate insulators. Finally, perspectives on future challenges, including defect control, interface engineering, and scalability, are presented, providing a roadmap for realizing the full potential of a-BN in next-generation device technologies.
Single-Atom Colloidal Nanorobotics Enhanced Stem Cell Therapy for Corneal Injury Repair
(American Chemical Society, 2025-05-13) Ju, Xiaohui; Javorková, Eliška; Michalička, Jan; Pumera, Martin
Corneal repair using mesenchymal stem cell therapy faces challenges due to long-term cell survival issues. Here, we design cerium oxide with gold single-atom-based nanorobots (CeSAN-bots) for treating corneal damage in a synergistic combination with stem cells. Powered by glucose, CeSAN-bots exhibit enhanced diffusion and active motion due to the cascade reaction catalyzed by gold and cerium oxide. CeSAN-bots demonstrate a two-fold increase in cellular uptake efficiency into mesenchymal stem cells compared to passive uptake. CeSAN-bots possess intrinsic antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties, promoting corneal regeneration. Validation in a mouse corneal alkali burn model reveals an improvement in corneal clarity restoration when stem cells are incorporated with CeSAN-bots. This work presents a strategy for developing glucose-driven, enzyme-free, single-atom-based ultrasmall nanorobots with promising applications in targeted intracellular delivery in diverse biological environments.
MoOx-based high-density nanoarrays on a substrate via smart anodizing as novel 3D electrodes for nano-energy applications
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2025-05-27) Mozalev, Alexander; Bendová, Mária; Kalina, Lukáš; Prášek, Jan; Gispert-Guirado, Francesc; Llobet, Eduard
For the first time, arrays of MoOx-based nanostructures of various sizes and morphologies, vertically aligned on a substrate, have been synthesized self-organized via the PAA-assisted anodization of a Mo layer through a very thin Nb interlayer. Such a smart anodization enabled the nucleation and sustainable growth of fully amorphous MoOx nanostructures within and under the PAA nanopores, which is impossible by direct molybdenum anodizing or other methods. The MoOx-based nanoarrays revealed the potential for applications in semiconductor nanoelectronics where the intensive and localized at the nanoscale electron transport, reversible redox reactions, high population density of nanochannels, and tailored crystallinity are in demand. The disclosed intercalation pseudocapacitance behavior of the rods' cores and the competitive performance metrics make the films promising as nanostructured electrodes for on-chip energy-related applications. The works to improve the electron-transport properties of the shells, explore field-emission and memristive potentials of the nanoarrays, and design relevant device configurations are in progress and will be reported in due course.
Grooves on the cortex of the Epigravettian lithic industry in the broader context
(Hugo Obermaier-Society for Quaternary Research and Archaeology of the Stone Age, 2024-01-17) Nerudová, Zdeňka; Lepcio, Petr
The southern part of the Brno urban agglomeration (Czech Republic) is a crucial region for understanding the Late Upper Palaeolithic (Epigravettian) occupation in Central Europe. Despite limited archaeological research in the urban area, the newly uncovered Brno-Štýřice IIIb site has provided additional information about the character of the Palaeolithic occupation, the hunted fauna, and climate. Our information about the Late Palaeolithic has been increased by recent finds. In this article we present two unique finds, both lithic chipped pieces with grooves on the cortex, found in a well-dated stratigraphic context at the recently excavated area. The different kinds of grooves on the cortex of the chipped stone artefacts can be understood as an example of possible intentional modification of the subjects. We will try to resolve the question of whether these pieces can be understood as non-utilitarian pieces, decorations, symbols (which are rare in the Epigravettian), or if the pieces represent the results of everyday Palaeolithic life.
Zero-field spin wave turns
(AIP Publishing, 2024-03-11) Klíma, Jan; Wojewoda, Ondřej; Roučka, Václav; Molnár, Tomáš; Holobrádek, Jakub; Urbánek, Michal
Spin-wave computing, a potential successor to CMOS-based technologies, relies on the efficient manipulation of spin waves for information processing. While basic logic devices such as magnon transistors, gates, and adders have been experimentally demonstrated, the challenge for complex magnonic circuits lies in steering spin waves through sharp turns. In this study, we demonstrate with micromagnetic simulations and Brillouin light scattering microscopy experiments, that dipolar spin waves can propagate through 90 degrees turns without distortion. The key lies in carefully designed in-plane magnetization landscapes, addressing challenges posed by anisotropic dispersion. The experimental realization of the required magnetization landscape is enabled by spatial manipulation of the uniaxial anisotropy using corrugated magnonic waveguides. The findings presented in this work should be considered in any magnonic circuit design dealing with anisotropic dispersion and spin wave turns.

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