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Item type:Item, Access status: Open Access , Sensitivity Analysis of Geometrically Imperfect Single-storey Steel Frame Structure-A Comparison of Two Loading Modes(2024-11-29) Jindra, Daniel; Kala, Zdeněk; Kala, JiříIn this study, two methods to numerically analyse a single-storey vertically loaded steel frame structure with initial geometrical imperfections are compared. The first method is deterministic, where the initial imperfections, sway of the frame and local bow imperfections of the columns are based on the corresponding European standard to design steel structures, Eurocode 3 (EC3). The second, probabilistic method, where the imperfections are defined by the random stochastic parameters is using the first order reliability method (FORM) along with numerous numerical finite element analyses in order to estimate the ultimate resistance of the structure. In this FORM method, the statistical values of these input imperfections are derived from the European standard for allowed erection and manufacturer tolerances, and these data corresponds with the experimentally measured imperfections on real structures. Material parameters, as Young’s modulus and yield stress are also considered as stochastic variables. Design ultimate resistance based on EC3 is compared with the 0.1% quantile of the stochastic ultimate resistance of the FORM method. In general, assumptions of the deterministic EC3 approach are sometimes considered as overly conservative. The main objective of this study is to verify and evaluate these assumptions by comparison with more precise probabilistic method. Moreover, for both methods (EC3 and FORM), the resistance is determined under two loading modes, one by increasing of the force load, the other by prescribed displacement. The loading conditions of these two loading modes are applied analogically to each other, hence similar resistances for the corresponding method are expected. However, this assumption needs to be verified within the probabilistic analysis conditions, what is the secondary objective of this paper.Item type:Item, Access status: Open Access , Toward Cartilage-Mimicking Biomaterials: Biotribological, Biochemical and Structural Evaluation of pHEMA and PVA-Based Hydrogels(American Chemical Society, 2025-12-08) Nečas, David; Němeček, Daniel; Gregora, Jan; Rebenda, David; Kadlecová, Zuzana; Chamradová, Ivana; Trudičová, Monika; Čípek, Pavel; Čípek, Petr; Šnajdárek, Ladislav; Vojtová, Lucy; Vrbka, Martin; Křupka, Ivan; Hartl, MartinThis study compares the biotribological and structural behavior of PVA and pHEMA hydrogels under conditions simulating the cartilage environment to understand the lubrication mechanisms. PVA samples exhibited very low apparent friction coefficients and high-water uptake due to their hydrophilic, hydroxyl-rich network. In contrast, pHEMA hydrogels showed higher friction but substantially enhanced wear resistance, particularly under extended sliding against rough counterfaces. While PVA offers excellent lubrication performance, its wear stability remains limited. On the other hand, the low wear observed in pHEMA-despite its higher friction-suggests strong structural resilience, making it a promising platform for further tailoring toward cartilage-mimicking applications. The results highlight the importance of balancing interfacial lubrication and mechanical durability when designing hydrogel-based cartilage replacements.Item type:Item, Access status: Open Access , Closed-Form Design Quantiles Under Skewness and Kurtosis: A Hermite Approach to Structural Reliability(MDPI, 2025-12-24) Kala, ZdeněkA Hermite-based framework for reliability assessment within the limit state method is developed in this paper. Closed-form design quantiles under a four-moment Hermite density are derived by inserting the Gaussian design quantile into a calibrated cubic translation. Admissibility and implementation criteria are established, including a monotonicity bound, a positivity condition for the platykurtic branch, and a balanced Jacobian condition for the leptokurtic branch. Material data for the yield strength and ductility of structural steel are fitted using moment-matched Hermite models and validated through goodness-of-fit tests. A truss structure is subsequently analysed to quantify how non-Gaussian input geometry influences structural resistance and its associated design value. Variance-based Sobol sensitivity analysis shows that departures of the radius distribution toward negative skewness and higher kurtosis increase the first-order contribution of geometric variables and thicken the lower tail of the resistance distribution. The closed-form Hermite design resistances agree closely with numerical integration results and reveal systematic deviations from FORM estimates, which depend solely on the mean and standard deviation. Monte Carlo simulations confirm these trends and highlight the slow convergence of tail quantiles and higher-order moments. The proposed approach remains fully compatible in the Gaussian limit and offers a practical complement to EN 1990 verification procedures when skewness and kurtosis have a significant influence on design quantiles.Item type:Item, Access status: Open Access , On Zeno-like Behaviors in the Event Calculus with Goal-directed Answer Set Programming(EPTCS, 2025-12-31) Vašíček, Ondřej; Arias, Joaquin; Fiedor, Jan; Gupta, Gopal; Hall, Brendan; Křena, Bohuslav; Larson, Brian; Vojnar, TomášIt has been argued that Event Calculus (EC) is suitable for modeling high-level specifications of safety-critical cyber-physical systems. The primary advantage lies in the rather small semantic gap between EC models and requirements expressed in a semi-formal natural language. Moreover, its use of continuous time and variables avoids imprecision that stems from discretization. In the past, we have shown that a goal-directed ASP system can be used for implementing these EC models. However, precise representation of time as an infinitesimally divisible continuous quantity leads to Zeno-like behaviors and to non-termination in such a system. In this work, we model a number of well-known example problems from the literature to systematically study various natural EC modeling patterns that yield these Zeno-like behaviors, and propose ways to deal with them. Moreover, weal so propose a technique to automatically detect all such cases.Item type:Item, Access status: Open Access , Kontribuce a spolupráce s investory: Klíč k udržitelnému rozvoji měst v České republice(Czech Journal of Civil Engineering, 2025-12-31) Ježková, TerezaDeveloperská výstavba je stále silnějším tématem veřejné debaty. Efektivní spolupráce mezi veřejným a soukromým sektorem je klíčem k udržitelnému rozvoji měst. Přestože existují pokusy o zlepšení legislativního rámce a transparentnosti procesů, stále přetrvávají výzvy v oblasti financování, regulace a koordinace zájmů. Další rozvoj této spolupráce bude záviset na schopnosti měst vytvářet jasná pravidla a motivovat investory k dlouhodobě udržitelným projektům, do kterých jsou aplikována různá adaptační opatření reagující na změny klimatu, je dbáno na ochranu zelených ploch, podporu obnovitelných zdrojů a energetickou soběstačnost. Za tímto účelem si města schvalují Zásady o spolupráci s investory – dokument, schválený radou nebo zastupitelstvem města, který stanovuje pravidla pro realizaci developerských projektů. Zároveň se v něm město zavazuje k dodržení dohodnutých lhůt a podmínek spolupráce. Developeři se výměnou za součinnost města i možnost zhodnocení lokality, v které realizují výstavbu, podílejí na financování rozvoje veřejné a technické infrastruktury, což snižuje tlak na veřejné rozpočty.