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Item type:Publication, Access status: Open Access , Influence of initial misfit strains on small scale domain switching ahead of interface crack between piezoelectric layer and dielectric isotropic substrate(Elsevier BV, 2026-02-17) Hrstka, Miroslav; Kotoul, Michal; Profant, TomášThis study derives the effect of discontinuous initial strain distributions on the small-scale domain switching ahead of the bi-material notch formed between a piezoelectric layer and dielectric isotropic substrate. As a piezoelectric layer the piezoelectric ceramics PZT-5H grown on the elastic substrate formed by amorphous silicon dioxide (SiO 2) is considered. The energetic switching principle and micromechanical domain switching framework proposed by Hwang et al. (1995) is applied. The initial thermal misfit constant strain is included in the constitutive relations. The analysis of the asymptotic in-plane field of the bi-material notch is conducted utilizing the extended Lekhnitskii-Eshelby-Stroh formalism. The asymptotic in-plane field is used to predict the domain switching zone applying the energy-based criterion. The influence of the thermal misfit strain on the size and shape of the switching zone in the piezoelectric layer is computed for various initial poling directions.Item type:Publication, Access status: Open Access , Tornado Impact on Public Infrastructure in the Czech Republic: A Case Study of the 2021 Moravia Event(MDPI, 2026-02-08) Federla, Jakub; Číhalová, Nikola; Froľová, Simona; Cupal, Martin; Korytárová, JanaTornadoes represent a significant natural hazard to critical infrastructure worldwide, as they can cause sudden and severe damage with far-reaching societal consequences. In this study, the authors investigate the vulnerability and resilience of public and critical infrastructure buildings in the Czech Republic to tornado impacts, with a particular focus on the 2021 South Moravian tornado. The research identifies key structural weaknesses, damage patterns, and protective factors through a detailed field survey of 46 tornado-affected buildings. The results highlight that building size, construction quality, material durability, and maintenance significantly influence tornado resistance. Buildings of reinforced concrete and steel frames showed higher resistance, while older, inadequately maintained masonry and timber buildings were highly susceptible to collapse. The conclusions recommend regular maintenance of building, structural reinforcement, installation of protection elements and robust roof system of public buildings. These insights provide a practical foundation for strengthening disaster preparedness policies at regional or national levels.Item type:Publication, Access status: Open Access , Soil organic matter and mineral content as crucial factors for the fate of tetracycline in soils(Wiley, 2026-02-08) Klučáková, MartinaSoil self-cleaning ability and bioavailability of different pollutants are strongly dependent on the soil properties. It is not easy to determine effects of individual soil characteristics because they can impact together often in a synergic effect. Therefore, soil samples used in this study were chosen according to their properties to have the same or very similar one property and different other property to try to assess an effect of changing property. This work is focused on tetracycline as antibiotics applied in veterinary medicine. The adsorption capacity increased with contents of organic matter, Ca, P, and sand. The increase in pH resulted in the decrease in adsorption ability. Increased adsorption ability at pH = 3 is probably connected with the deprotonation of its hydroxyl with a similar pK a value. Desorption experiments with water provided contents of leachable fraction. The highest contents of mobile fractions were determined for a strongly acidic pH value.Item type:Publication, Access status: Open Access , Highly efficient thermo-optic phase shifters for UV photonic applications(Optica Publishing Group, 2026-02-25) Bačová, TerezaWe propose highly efficient, thermo-optic phase shifters based on aluminum oxide waveguides operating at UV wavelengths. The phase shifters are integrated into Mach-Zehnder interferometers for device characterization. The photonic waveguides are fabricated in a 200mm CMOS pilot line, and heaters and silicon undercut are defined on the die-level with metal lift-off and dry etching processes. We experimentally demonstrate a phase shifter with an efficiency of 0.85mW for a phase shift at 360nm wavelength. For the bandwidth characterization, we measure the 10 – 90% rise and fall times of a series of phase shifters with varying structural designs and systematically analyze the trade-off between efficiency and response time. The developed device provides a low insertion loss, high-efficiency active modulator that can be readily integrated onto the existing 200mm aluminum oxide UV photonics platform.Item type:Publication, Access status: Open Access , An empirical X-ray K-Ratio framework for thickness measurement of 2D Si and SiO thin films and SiO2 layer on Si substrate(Elsevier, 2026-02-15) Shaheen, Adel A; Alsoud, Ammar Awadallah AhmadThis study presents an empirical framework based on the X-ray K-ratio method for measuring the thickness of 2D silicon (Si) and silicon dioxide (SiO) thin films, as well as SiO layers deposited on silicon substrates. The approach relies on analyzing the ratio of characteristic X-ray intensities emitted from the sample relative to a reference, establishing a direct relationship between the K-ratio and film thickness. The proposed model accounts for absorption and scattering effects within the material, enabling accurate thickness estimation, particularly for ultra-thin films. The results demonstrate that this method provides a reliable, non-destructive, and efficient alternative to conventional thickness measurement techniques, making it suitable for applications in semiconductor research and industry.