Assessing Lettuce Exposure to a Multi-Pharmaceutical Mixture in Soil: Insights from LC-ESI-TQ Analysis and the Impact of Biochar on Pharmaceutical Bioavailability
Loading...
Date
2024-09-04
Authors
Fučík, Jan
Jašek, Vojtěch
Hamplová, Marie
Navrkalová, Jitka
Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena
Mravcová, Ludmila
0000-0002-3408-4383Advisor
Referee
Mark
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
Altmetrics
Abstract
Agricultural practices introduce pharmaceutical (PhAC) residues into the terrestrial environment, potentially endangering agricultural crops and human health. This study aimed to evaluate various aspects related to the presence of pharmaceuticals in the lettuce-soil system, including bioconcentration factors (BCFs), translocation factors (TFs), ecotoxicological effects, the influence of biochar on the PhAC bioavailability, persistence in soil, and associated environmental and health risks. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) was exposed to a mixture of 25 PhACs in two scenarios: initially contaminated soil (ranging from 0 to 10,000 ng center dot g(-1)) and soil irrigated with contaminated water (ranging from 0 to 1000 mu g center dot L-1) over a 28-day period. The findings revealed a diverse range of BCFs (0.068-3.7) and TFs (0.032-0.58), indicating the uptake and translocation potential of pharmaceuticals by lettuce. Significant ecotoxicological effects on L. sativa, including weight change and increased mortality, were observed (p < 0.05). Interestingly, biochar did not significantly affect PhAC uptake by L. sativa (p > 0.05), while it significantly influenced the soil degradation kinetics of 12 PhACs (p < 0.05). Additionally, the estimated daily intake of PhACs through the consumption of L. sativa suggested negligible health risks, although concerns arose regarding the potential health risks if other vegetable sources were similarly contaminated with trace residues. Furthermore, this study evaluated the environmental risk associated with the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in soil, as medium to high. In conclusion, these findings highlight the multifaceted challenges posed by pharmaceutical contamination in agricultural environments and emphasize the importance of proactive measures to mitigate the associated risks to both environmental and human health.
Description
Citation
ACS OMEGA. 2024, vol. 9, issue 37, p. 39065-39081.
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.4c05831
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.4c05831
Document type
Peer-reviewed
Document version
Published version
Date of access to the full text
Language of document
en