No hyponatremia despite continuous plasma sodium decline in female runners during a seven stage ultramarathon
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Date
2025-04-03
Authors
Chlíbková, Daniela
Filipenská, Marina
Knechtle, Beat
Rauter, Samo
Trnka, Martin
Weiss, Katja
Rosemann, Thomas
0000-0001-9592-7332Advisor
Referee
Mark
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Nature Portfolio
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Abstract
The role of sodium supplements and sex in the occurrence of exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) remains controversial. This study investigated hydration status in ultrarunners (19 males and 9 females) who completed seven marathons over seven consecutive days. Due to the limited number of female participants, no statistical comparison between sexes was performed. Plasma sodium concentration ([Na+]) and multiple hydration markers were assessed before, during, and after the race. Reported sodium supplement consumption showed no association with plasma [Na+]. An overall decline in plasma [Na+] was observed in females (regression slope = -1.278, p=0.02) across the event, whereas no significant change was detected in males (slope = -0.325, p=0.57). Additionally, no significant associations were found between plasma [Na+] and other monitored variables, including sodium supplement intake, pre-race hydration strategy, body mass, total body water, plasma osmolality, hematocrit, hemoglobin, urine specific gravity, urinary [Na+], thirst rating, or fluid intake reported pre-, during, and post-stage. No cases of symptomatic or asymptomatic hyponatremia were identified, suggesting that total fluid and sodium intake were adequate to maintain fluid-electrolyte balance and prevent EAH in both sexes.
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Citation
Scientific Reports. 2025, vol. 15, issue 1, p. 1-15.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-90987-0
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-90987-0
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Peer-reviewed
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en
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Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/