Vliv biodegradace bioplastů na půdní vlastnosti
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Authors
Stanislavová, Veronika
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A
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Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická
Abstract
Biodegradabilné polyméry sa na trhu stávajú čoraz populárnejšími, a to najmä v poľnohospodárstve, kde sa vďaka svojim priaznivým vlastnostiam používajú ako nátery a mulčovacie fólie. V tejto štúdii bol skúmaný vplyv poly-3-hydroxybutyrátu (P3HB), vnútrobunkového bakteriálneho polyméru, na rôzne vlastnosti pôdy vrátane fyzikálnych, chemických a biologických parametrov s cieľom posúdiť jeho potenciálne využitie v poľnohospodárstve. Výsledky ukázali, že P3HB mal negatívny vplyv na obsah sušiny v pôde, nadzemnú biomasu a spôsobil mierne zníženie pH pôdy. Okrem toho sa aktivita vybraných enzýmov výrazne zvýšila, keď sa P3HB aplikoval samostatne alebo došlo k ešte väčšiemu nárastu v kombinácií s niektorými pôdnymi doplnkami. Výsledky sa líšili v závislosti od použitého pôdneho doplnku. Účinky boli buď negatívne, neutrálne alebo pozitívne. Na posúdenie miery biodegradácie P3HB, vplyvu P3HB na organickú hmotu a zadržiavanie vody sa použila termogravimetrická analýza. Bolo preukázané, že prítomnosť organických doplnkov ovplyvnila rýchlosť degradácie P3HB a iných organických látok v pôde. Okrem toho aplikácia P3HB do pôdy viedla k inhibícii rastu rastlín (Zea mays L.). Pridanie zmien do pôdy pred aplikáciou P3HB tento účinok zlepšilo len okrajovo. Dospelo sa k záveru, že biodegradácia P3HB podporovala mikrobiálnu aktivitu, čo mohlo v konečnom dôsledku negatívne ovplyvniť dostupnosť esenciálnych živín v pôde. Okrem toho výsledky z termogravimetrickej analýzy naznačujú, že kombinácia P3HB a biouhlia by mohla prispieť k lepšiemu zadržiavania vody v pôde.
Biodegradable plastics are gaining popularity as a desirable material in the market, particularly in the agricultural sector, where they are used as coatings and mulch films due to their favourable properties. This study investigated the impact of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB), an intracellular bacterial polymer, on various soil properties, including physical, chemical, and biological aspects, to assess its potential in agricultural use. Results showed that the P3HB had a negative effect on the soil dry matter content, aboveground biomass, and a slight decrease in soil pH. Moreover, the activity of selected enzymes was significantly enhanced when P3HB applicated solely or even more increased when combined with a specific amendment. The results varied depending on the amendment; the effects were negative, neutral or positive. The thermogravimetry analysis was used to assess the rate of P3HB biodegradation and the influence of P3HB on organic matter and water retention. It was found that the presence of amendment influenced the degradation rate of P3HB and other organic matter in the soil. Furthermore, the application of P3HB into the soil leads to the inhibition of plant (Zea mays L.) growth. The additions of amendments to soil prior to the application of P3HB improved this effect only marginally. It is concluded that biodegradation of P3HB supported the activity of the microbial community, which could eventually negatively influence the availability of essential nutrients in the soil. The thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that the incorporation of organic amendments promoted the biodegradation of P3HB. Moreover, the results indicate that a combination of P3HB and biochar could improve soil water retention.
Biodegradable plastics are gaining popularity as a desirable material in the market, particularly in the agricultural sector, where they are used as coatings and mulch films due to their favourable properties. This study investigated the impact of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB), an intracellular bacterial polymer, on various soil properties, including physical, chemical, and biological aspects, to assess its potential in agricultural use. Results showed that the P3HB had a negative effect on the soil dry matter content, aboveground biomass, and a slight decrease in soil pH. Moreover, the activity of selected enzymes was significantly enhanced when P3HB applicated solely or even more increased when combined with a specific amendment. The results varied depending on the amendment; the effects were negative, neutral or positive. The thermogravimetry analysis was used to assess the rate of P3HB biodegradation and the influence of P3HB on organic matter and water retention. It was found that the presence of amendment influenced the degradation rate of P3HB and other organic matter in the soil. Furthermore, the application of P3HB into the soil leads to the inhibition of plant (Zea mays L.) growth. The additions of amendments to soil prior to the application of P3HB improved this effect only marginally. It is concluded that biodegradation of P3HB supported the activity of the microbial community, which could eventually negatively influence the availability of essential nutrients in the soil. The thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that the incorporation of organic amendments promoted the biodegradation of P3HB. Moreover, the results indicate that a combination of P3HB and biochar could improve soil water retention.
Description
Keywords
Biodegradovateľné plasty, biodegradácia, P3HB, pôdne doplnky, pôdne vlastnosti, enzymatické testy, respirácia pôdy, mikrobiálna aktivita, termogravimetria, hmotnostný úbytok., Biodegradable plastics, biodegradation, P3HB, organic amendments, soil properties, enzymatic assays, soil respiration, microbial activity, thermogravimetry, mass loss.
Citation
STANISLAVOVÁ, V. Vliv biodegradace bioplastů na půdní vlastnosti [online]. Brno: Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická. 2023.
Document type
Document version
Date of access to the full text
Language of document
en
Study field
bez specializace
Comittee
doc. Mgr. Renata Komendová, Ph.D. (člen)
doc. MVDr. Helena Zlámalová Gargošová, Ph.D. (člen)
prof. Ing. Tomáš Svěrák, CSc. (člen)
prof. Ing. Jiří Kučerík, Ph.D. (předseda)
doc. Mgr. Michaela Vašinová Galiová, Ph.D. (místopředseda)
dr. Maximilian Meyer (RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau) (člen)
dr. Zacharias Steinmetz (RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau) (člen)
Date of acceptance
2023-05-23
Defence
The student presented the most important results of her thesis. Afterwards, the reports by the thesis advisor and the thesis reviewer were presented. The reviewer then asked her four defence questions. The student answered all of them comprehensively and to the reviewer’s satisfaction.
The discussion on the thesis followed. Members of the committee asked for example the following questions: What type of soil did you use? If the amount of bound water was higher, would the plant be able to take it up? How is soil organic matter related to the soil quality? Can you describe the difference between biodegradable plastics and bioplastics? Is it realistic to add PHB to the soil in a powder form?
During the discussion, the student demonstrated good knowledge of the subject, and she was able to provide answers to all questions asked by the committee.
Result of defence
práce byla úspěšně obhájena
Document licence
Standardní licenční smlouva - přístup k plnému textu bez omezení