Design of Shadow Filter Using Low-Voltage Multiple-Input Operational Transconductance Amplifiers

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dc.contributor.authorKumngern, Montreecs
dc.contributor.authorKhateb, Fabiancs
dc.contributor.authorKulej, Tomaszcs
dc.contributor.authorWattikornsirikul, Natchayathorncs
dc.coverage.issue2cs
dc.coverage.volume15cs
dc.date.accessioned2025-08-01T07:00:02Z
dc.date.available2025-08-01T07:00:02Z
dc.date.issued2025-01-14cs
dc.description.abstractThis paper introduces shadow filters that employ multiple-input operational transconductance amplifiers (MI-OTAs) as the active component. Two configurations of shadow filters are proposed. The first configuration, in contrast to previous designs, enables the adjustment of the quality factor without affecting the passband gains of the BPF, LPF, and HPF, thus achieving optimal frequency responses for these filters. The second configuration allows for the variation of the natural frequency without impacting the passband gains of the HPF, LPF, and BPF, maintaining constant passband gains. Moreover, the natural frequency can be electronically controlled by modifying parameters of the original biquad filters, providing advantages in compensating for process, voltage, and temperature variations. The MI-OTA is designed to provide multiple-input differential terminals using the multiple-input bulk-driven MOS transistor (MIBD-MOST) technique, allowing differential input signals to be converted into current output through its transconductance gain. The OTA operates at a supply voltage of 450 mV and consumes 81 nW of power, with the MOS transistors operating in weak inversion. The OTA and shadow filters were designed and simulated using a 0.18 mu m CMOS process to validate the functionality and performance of the proposed circuits.en
dc.formattextcs
dc.format.extent1-19cs
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfcs
dc.identifier.citationApplied Sciences - Basel. 2025, vol. 15, issue 2, p. 1-19.en
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/app15020781cs
dc.identifier.issn2076-3417cs
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-9864-9830cs
dc.identifier.other196609cs
dc.identifier.researcheridO-6465-2014cs
dc.identifier.scopus36185268100cs
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11012/255376
dc.language.isoencs
dc.publisherMDPIcs
dc.relation.ispartofApplied Sciences - Baselcs
dc.relation.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/app15020781cs
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalcs
dc.rights.accessopenAccesscs
dc.rights.sherpahttp://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/issn/2076-3417/cs
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/cs
dc.subjectoperational transconductance amplifieren
dc.subjectshadow filteren
dc.subjectmultiple-input bulk-driven MOS transistoren
dc.subjectuniversal filteren
dc.titleDesign of Shadow Filter Using Low-Voltage Multiple-Input Operational Transconductance Amplifiersen
dc.type.driverarticleen
dc.type.statusPeer-revieweden
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen
sync.item.dbidVAV-196609en
sync.item.dbtypeVAVen
sync.item.insts2025.08.01 09:00:01en
sync.item.modts2025.08.01 08:33:40en
thesis.grantorVysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií. Ústav mikroelektronikycs
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