Nová synagoga Česká Lípa
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Date
2023-05-23
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Mark
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Vysoké učení technické v Brně, Fakulta stavební
Abstract
V roce 1939 sílila nacistická propaganda, která měla za následek vypálení mnoha synagog ve velkých městech, jako bylo Brno, Olomouc, Teplice, Jihlava, Ostrava, Opava Trutnov, Frýdek-Místek nebo Česká Lípa. Dne 17. dubna 1863 se za velké účasti obyvatelstva i vedení města konalo slavnostní položení základního kamene nové synagogy. Synagogy, která byla postavena podle návrhu architekta Josefa Goldbacha a to v židovské čtvrti na místě staršího židovského svatostánku. Během tzv. Křišťálové noci z 10. na 11. listopadu 1938 zfanatizovaní obyvatelé českolipskou synagogu zapálili a zařízení rozkradli. Následně v roce 1941 byly trosky budovy odstraněny. K vypálení českolipské synagogy došlo nadvakrát. Poprvé požár ještě neinformovaní hasiči stačili uhasit. Podruhé již měli „správné“ instrukce a hlídali pouze okolní budovy. Město Česká Lípa nechalo postavit v místech, kde synagoga stála, dva památníky. První památník v ulici U Synagogy byl odhalen 28. října 1995. Druhý památník měl tvar židovského náhrobního kamene a vznikl již v roce 1948, ale v té době nesměl být osazen, proto jej autor ukryl a k odhalení tohoto památníku došlo až v roce 2008. Rozhodli jsme se obnovit a připomenout tradici zaniklé stavby. Formujeme nové modelové situace a necháváme synagogu znovu ožít v duchu současné architektury, která zároveň vytvoří její historickou stopu.
In 1939, Nazi propaganda grew stronger, resulting in the burning of many synagogues in large cities such as Brno, Olomouc, Teplice, Jihlava, Ostrava, Opava Trutnov, Frýdek-Místek and Česká Lípa. On 17 April 1863, the foundation stone of the new synagogue was laid in a ceremony attended by the town's population and the town's leadership. The synagogue was built according to the design of the architect Josef Goldbach in the Jewish quarter on the site of an older Jewish sanctuary. During the so-called Kristallnacht of November 10-11, 1938, fanatical inhabitants set fire to the synagogue and stole its furnishings. Subsequently, in 1941, the ruins of the building were removed. The burning of the Česká Lípa synagogue occurred twice. The first time the fire was extinguished by uninformed firemen. The second time they had the "correct" instructions and only guarded the surrounding buildings. The town of Česká Lípa had two monuments erected in the place where the synagogue stood. The first monument in U Synagogy Street was unveiled on 28 October 1995. The second memorial was in the shape of a Jewish tombstone and was created in 1948, but it was not allowed to be installed at that time, so the author hid it and the unveiling of this memorial took place only in 2008. We have decided to restore and commemorate the tradition of the defunct building. We are forming new model situations and letting the synagogue come to life again in the spirit of contemporary architecture, which will also create its historical footprint.
In 1939, Nazi propaganda grew stronger, resulting in the burning of many synagogues in large cities such as Brno, Olomouc, Teplice, Jihlava, Ostrava, Opava Trutnov, Frýdek-Místek and Česká Lípa. On 17 April 1863, the foundation stone of the new synagogue was laid in a ceremony attended by the town's population and the town's leadership. The synagogue was built according to the design of the architect Josef Goldbach in the Jewish quarter on the site of an older Jewish sanctuary. During the so-called Kristallnacht of November 10-11, 1938, fanatical inhabitants set fire to the synagogue and stole its furnishings. Subsequently, in 1941, the ruins of the building were removed. The burning of the Česká Lípa synagogue occurred twice. The first time the fire was extinguished by uninformed firemen. The second time they had the "correct" instructions and only guarded the surrounding buildings. The town of Česká Lípa had two monuments erected in the place where the synagogue stood. The first monument in U Synagogy Street was unveiled on 28 October 1995. The second memorial was in the shape of a Jewish tombstone and was created in 1948, but it was not allowed to be installed at that time, so the author hid it and the unveiling of this memorial took place only in 2008. We have decided to restore and commemorate the tradition of the defunct building. We are forming new model situations and letting the synagogue come to life again in the spirit of contemporary architecture, which will also create its historical footprint.
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Citation
Prostor pro život: Sborník mezinárodní konference Krajina Sídla Památky 2023, s. 156-161. ISBN 978-80-214-6158-1.
https://www.krajinasidlapamatky.cz/
https://www.krajinasidlapamatky.cz/
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cs
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Defence
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Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/