Extended Higher-Order Elements with Frequency-Doubled Parameters: The Hysteresis Loops Are Always of Type II

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dc.contributor.authorBiolek, Zdeněkcs
dc.contributor.authorBiolek, Daliborcs
dc.contributor.authorBiolková, Vieracs
dc.contributor.authorKolka, Zdeněkcs
dc.coverage.issue16cs
dc.coverage.volume23cs
dc.date.issued2023-08-15cs
dc.description.abstractCurrent MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) can be modeled by state-dependent elements that exhibit hysteretic behavior. Examples include capacitors and inductors whose capacitances and inductances are dependent on the instantaneous state of the electromechanical system, resistors whose resistances exhibit temperature changes when the elements are actually heated, etc. Regardless of the physical background, such hysteresis manifestations can be studied uniformly in the broader framework of generic and extended higher-order elements, in which a classification of hysteretic loops into types I and II is established. The loop type is an important dynamical parameter of an element, having the potential to indicate, for example, its (in)volatility. Thus far, there is no reliable criterion to determine the type of steady loop from the defining relations of an element. This work reports on one special class of extended elements that produces type II loops under all circumstances. The paper presents hitherto unpublished connections between the frequency-doubling parameters of an element and the type of its hysteresis loop. The new findings are expressed by several theorems that allow the type of hysteresis to be inferred from the frequency behavior of the element parameter or state, and vice versa. These procedures are demonstrated with examples and verified by computer simulations.en
dc.formattextcs
dc.format.extent1-21cs
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfcs
dc.identifier.citationSENSORS. 2023, vol. 23, issue 16, p. 1-21.en
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/s23167179cs
dc.identifier.issn1424-8220cs
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-7607-6146cs
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0003-2589-2722cs
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-7034-9430cs
dc.identifier.other184622cs
dc.identifier.researcheridE-4125-2018cs
dc.identifier.researcheridE-3698-2018cs
dc.identifier.researcheridE-3657-2018cs
dc.identifier.scopus6603672687cs
dc.identifier.scopus6506028849cs
dc.identifier.scopus6602443208cs
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11012/245042
dc.language.isoencs
dc.publisherMDPIcs
dc.relation.ispartofSENSORScs
dc.relation.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/16/7179cs
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalcs
dc.rights.accessopenAccesscs
dc.rights.sherpahttp://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/issn/1424-8220/cs
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/cs
dc.subjecthigher-order elementen
dc.subjectextended elementen
dc.subjectgeneric elementen
dc.subjectpinched hysteresis loopen
dc.titleExtended Higher-Order Elements with Frequency-Doubled Parameters: The Hysteresis Loops Are Always of Type IIen
dc.type.driverarticleen
dc.type.statusPeer-revieweden
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen
sync.item.dbidVAV-184622en
sync.item.dbtypeVAVen
sync.item.insts2025.02.03 15:41:17en
sync.item.modts2025.01.17 18:39:30en
thesis.grantorVysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií. Ústav radioelektronikycs
thesis.grantorVysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií. Ústav mikroelektronikycs
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