Vliv detergentů na aktivitu, tepelnou stabilitu a agregaci imobilizovaných lipáz
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Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická
Abstract
Predmetom tejto diplomovej práce bolo štúdium vplyvu detergentov na aktivitu, termostabilitu a agregáciu voľnej a imobilizovanej formy komerčného preparátu lipázy izolovanej z mikroskopickej huby Rhizopus arrhizus. Teoretická časť obsahuje ucelenú rešerš popisujúcu štruktúru, mechanizmus účinku a priemyselný význam spomínanej hydrolázy spolu s popisom chemických účinkov detergentov, pričom dôraz bol kladený predovšetkým na skupinu neionogénnych detergentov s názvom tweeny. V experimentálnej časti bol študovaný efekt tweenov na rozpustnej a imobilizovanej forme RA lipázy. Imobilizácia spočívala v priamej adsorpcii enzýmu na neupravený nosič. Ako nosič bol použitý oxidovaný grafén ošetrený tweenom (tween 20, 60, 80). Aktivita enzýmu bola stanovená spektrofotometricky za pomoci substrátu p-nitrofenyl laurátu. Zvýšenie aktivity voľnej lipázy (104 % oproti maximálnej hodnote) bolo zaznamenané pri použití tweenu 20 o koncentrácii vysoko nad hodnotou kritickej micelárnej koncentrácie (10 mmol•dm-3). Na základe štúdie imobilizačných podmienok, boli nastavené ideálne parametre pre dosiahnutie účinnej imobilizácie v spojení s čo najvyššou lipolytickou aktivitou (koncentrácia enzýmu 0,1 mg•ml-1, fosfátový tlmivý roztok pH 7,2, koncentrácia tweenu 10,8 mmol•dm-3, čas imobilizácie 1 hodina). Obe formy lipázy vykazovali maximálnu aktivitu pri 35 °C. Optimálne pH sa u imobilizovanej lipázy posunulo na hodnotu 8, v porovnaní s voľnou formou, ktorej pH optimum bolo stanovené na 9. Tepelná stabilita vykazovala približne rovnaký priebeh u oboch foriem skúmanej hydrolázy. Avšak v prípade štúdia stability enzýmu pri dlhodobej úschove bolo po imobilizácii zistené výrazné zlepšenie tohto parametru.
The diploma thesis deals with the issue of the effect of tweens on enzymatic activity of model hydrolase both free and immobilized on carbon-based carrier. In theoretical part, structural features, mechanism of action, and specialty applications of microbial lipases are reviewed along with detergent chemistry, with emphasize on tween family of detergents belonging into non-ionic surfactant group. In experimental part, effect of tweens on soluble as well as immobilized hydrolase was examined. Immobilization of commercial preparation of lipase was performed by non-covalent adsorption on graphene oxide as a carrier treated with different tweens (tween 20, 60, 80). The activity was determined spectrophotometrically by p-nitrophenyl laurate assay. Enhancement of soluble Rhizopus arrhizus lipase activity (activity coupling of 104 %) was observed at tween 20 concentration of 10 mmol•dm-3, which is highly above critical micelle concentration of this detergent. On the base of screening study, immobilization protocol comprised the incubation of soluble enzyme at concentration of 0.1 mg•ml-1 in phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) with tween 20 (10.8 mmol•dm-3) and the carrier for one hour. Both soluble and immobilized lipase exhibited maximum activity at approx. 35 °C. Optimal pH of immobilized lipase shifted to 8 compared to soluble form for which pH optimum at 9 was determined. Thermal stability profile follows almost same trend for both soluble and immobilized enzyme samples. The interactions between carrier and enzyme are suggested to be mainly non–covalent (adsorption, electrostatic interactions). No protein leaching was observed under studied conditions, and significant improvement of storage stability of immobilized lipase was achieved (activity retention of 41 % after 110 days) in comparison with soluble lipase (activity retention of 16 % after 42 days).
The diploma thesis deals with the issue of the effect of tweens on enzymatic activity of model hydrolase both free and immobilized on carbon-based carrier. In theoretical part, structural features, mechanism of action, and specialty applications of microbial lipases are reviewed along with detergent chemistry, with emphasize on tween family of detergents belonging into non-ionic surfactant group. In experimental part, effect of tweens on soluble as well as immobilized hydrolase was examined. Immobilization of commercial preparation of lipase was performed by non-covalent adsorption on graphene oxide as a carrier treated with different tweens (tween 20, 60, 80). The activity was determined spectrophotometrically by p-nitrophenyl laurate assay. Enhancement of soluble Rhizopus arrhizus lipase activity (activity coupling of 104 %) was observed at tween 20 concentration of 10 mmol•dm-3, which is highly above critical micelle concentration of this detergent. On the base of screening study, immobilization protocol comprised the incubation of soluble enzyme at concentration of 0.1 mg•ml-1 in phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) with tween 20 (10.8 mmol•dm-3) and the carrier for one hour. Both soluble and immobilized lipase exhibited maximum activity at approx. 35 °C. Optimal pH of immobilized lipase shifted to 8 compared to soluble form for which pH optimum at 9 was determined. Thermal stability profile follows almost same trend for both soluble and immobilized enzyme samples. The interactions between carrier and enzyme are suggested to be mainly non–covalent (adsorption, electrostatic interactions). No protein leaching was observed under studied conditions, and significant improvement of storage stability of immobilized lipase was achieved (activity retention of 41 % after 110 days) in comparison with soluble lipase (activity retention of 16 % after 42 days).
Description
Citation
BANČÁKOVÁ, A. Vliv detergentů na aktivitu, tepelnou stabilitu a agregaci imobilizovaných lipáz [online]. Brno: Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická. 2014.
Document type
Document version
Date of access to the full text
Language of document
en
Study field
Potravinářská chemie a biotechnologie
Comittee
prof. Ing. Peter Šimko, DrSc. (předseda)
doc. Ing. Jiřina Omelková, CSc. (místopředseda)
prof. RNDr. Ivana Márová, CSc. (člen)
doc. RNDr. Alena Španová, CSc. (člen)
doc. Ing. Bohuslav Rittich, CSc. (člen)
Date of acceptance
2014-06-03
Defence
1. Diplomantka seznámila členy komise s náplní a cílem diplomové práce.
2. Byly přečteny posudky na diplomovou práci.
3. Diplomantka akceptovala všechny připomínky oponenta a na všechny otázky odpověděla v plné šíři.
Diskuse
doc Španová: Lze doložit znalost angličtiny ?
prof. Márová: Přítomnost detergentu podporuje aktivitu lipasy ? Jaká aktivita enzymu byla měřena ?
Result of defence
práce byla úspěšně obhájena
Document licence
Standardní licenční smlouva - přístup k plnému textu bez omezení