Ústav geodézie
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- ItemNew velocity analysis in geodynamic network Sněžník based on GNSS measurement reproces- sing using reprocessed IGS products(IRSM AS CR, 2014-03-21) Puchrik, Lukáš; Švábenský, Otakar; Pospíšil, Lubomil; Weigel, JosefThe availability of IGS reprocessed products enabled comprehensive reprocessing of all GNSS data from the Local Geodynamic SNĚŽNÍK network over period 1997-2011. All calculations were performed using the Bernese GPS Software 5.0. The absolute method of Precise Point Positioning (PPP) was used for the first time within the network providing interesting results. Tha main evaluation of recent movement tendencies was done using the common relative method where the nearest IGS stations were used as reference.
- ItemProposal of Technological GIS Support as Part of Resident Parking in Large Cities–Case Study, City of Brno(MDPI, 2020-04-03) Kubíček, Pavel; Bartoněk, Dalibor; Bureš, Jiří; Švábenský, OtakarOver the last few years, there has been a significant increase in people’s dependence on passenger and freight transport. As a result, traffic infrastructure is congested, especially in big city centers and, at critical times, this is to the point of traffic collapse. This has led to the need to address this situation by the progressive deployment of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), which are used to optimize traffic, to increase traffic flow, and to improve transport safety, including reduction of adverse environmental impacts. In 2018, the first results of the C-Roads Platform which is a joint initiative of European Member States and road operators for testing and implementing C-ITS services in light of cross-border harmonization and interoperability (C-ROADS ) Czech Republic project were put into operation in Brno, closely related to the international initiative to support the data structure for future communication between vehicles and intelligent transport infrastructure. A system of transport organization and safety was introduced in the city of Brno, which manages key information and ensures central management of partial systems of transport organization and safety. The most important part of this system is the parking organization system discussed in this article. The main objective was to streamline the parking system in the city center of Brno and in the immediate vicinity by preventing unauthorized long-term parking, ensuring an increased number of parking places for residents and visitors by increasing the turnover of parking. The aim of the research was to investigate (i) the possibility and optimal use of Geographic Information System (GIS) technology for resident parking system solutions, (ii) the integration of Global Satellite Navigation Systems (GNSS) satellite data and image data collected by cameras on the move and (iii) the possibility of using network algorithms to optimize mobile data collection planning. The aim of our study is to design and optimize the integrated collection of image data localized by satellite GNSS technologies in the GIS environment to support the resident parking system, including an evaluation of its effectiveness. To achieve this goal, a residential parking monitoring system was designed and implemented, based on dynamic monitoring of the parking state using a vehicle equipped with a digital camera system and Global Satellite Navigation Systems (GNSS) technology for measuring the vehicle position, controlled by spatial and attribute data flow from static and dynamic spatial databases in the Geographic Information System (GIS), which integrate the whole monitoring system. The control algorithm of a vehicle passing through the street network works on the basis of graph theory with a defined recurrence interval for the same route, taking into account other parameters such as the throughput of the street network at a given time, its traffic signs and the usual level of traffic density. Statistics after one year of operation show that the proposed system significantly increased the economic yield from parking areas from the original 30% to 90%, and reduced the overall violation of parking rules to only 10%. It further increased turnover and thus the possibility of short-term parking for visitors and also ensured availability of parking for residents in the historical center of Brno and surrounding monitored areas.
- ItemIntercomparison of multi-GNSS signals characteristics acquired by a low-cost receiver connected to various low-cost antennas(Springer, 2024-03-08) Marut, Grzegorz; Hadas, Tomasz; Nosek, JakubWith the increasing number of low-cost GNSS antennas available on the market, there is a lack of comprehensive analysis and intercomparison of their performance. Moreover, multi-GNSS observation noises are not well recognized for low-cost receivers. This study characterizes the quality of GNSS signals acquired by low-cost GNSS receivers equipped with eight types of antennas in terms of signal acquisition, multipath error and receiver noise. The differences between various types of low-cost antennas are non-negligible, with helical antennas underperforming in every respect. Compared with a geodetic-grade station, GPS and Galileo signals acquired by low-cost receivers are typically weaker by 3–9 dB-Hz. While the L1, E1 and E5b signals are well-tracked, only 72% and 86% of L2 signals are acquired for GPS and GLONASS, respectively. The signal noise for pseudoranges varies from 0.12 m for Galileo E5b to over 0.30 m for GLONASS L1 and L2, whereas for carrier-phase observations it oscillates around 1 mm for both GPS and Galileo frequencies, but exceeds 3 mm for both GLONASS frequencies. Antenna phase center offsets (PCOs) vary significantly between frequencies and constellations, and do not agree between two antennas of the same type by up to 25 mm in the vertical component. After a field calibration a of low-cost antenna and consistent application of PCOs, the horizontal and vertical accuracy is improved to a few millimeter and a few centimeter level for the multi-GNSS processing with double-differenced and undifferenced approach, respectively. Last but not least, we demonstrate that PPP-AR is possible also with low-cost GNSS receivers and antennas, and improves the precision and convergence time. The results prove that selection of low-cost antenna for a low-cost GNSS receiver is of great importance in precise positioning applications.
- ItemThe Possibilities of Bim Quality Control in the Game Development Environment(ISPRS, 2022-02-07) Volařík, Tomáš; Kuruc, Michal; Kratochvíl, Richard; Vystavěl, OndřejThe quality control of the BIM model to be delivered is one of the most important steps in the process of information modelling. Quality control can take place on several levels. First of all, it is a control of geometric parameters, especially a control of the relative accuracy of the resulting model with respect to the modelled real object. Another type of quality control can be a check of the completeness of the model, whether the resulting model contains all the elements that are to be included in the model according to the requirements. MEP equipment such as fire extinguishers, for example, is a substantial content of BIM models. This may also be related to the required level of LOD, e.g. whether these elements are modelled with the required level of detail. Furthermore, the visual properties of the individual elements can be checked, for example whether the surface finish of the wall corresponds to reality. Subsequently, database and descriptive information of individual elements should be checked, such as technical parameters of various items of technical equipment of MEP content. This article describes variants of the publication of a building information model for the purposes of BIM model quality control. The procedure of creating the final application in the game development environment Unreal Engine (Epic Games) is described on the example of a BIM model of a historical building from the middle of the 19th century.
- ItemMethod for Cartographic Symbols Creation in Connection with Map Series Digitization(MDPI, 2022-02-02) Bartoněk, Dalibor; Andělová, PavlaThe article addresses the issue of the unification of cartographic symbols in terms of graphics (visual) and interpretation in an international context. The motivation is the ongoing dig-itization of processes in the conditions of Industry 4.0, especially Construction 4.0, where geodesy and cartography have their irreplaceable share. The aim was both to design uniform cartographic symbols for the description of geographical objects on the map and to design a general method for the description of unified cartographic symbols so that it is independent of specific applications. The authors compared the symbols used in the map works of the Czech Republic and neighboring countries that are members of the EU and proposed a formal description of the graphics properties of the symbols, which is based on a general mathematical model based. The description takes the form of a text string, and a Python algorithm was built to render the symbol built and implemented in the QGIS environment. The article also presents a comparison of some cartographic symbols used in the Czech Republic and in selected EU countries and a proposal for their unification. The motivation is the effort to unify the cartographic language within the EU. The problem is in ac-cordance with the INSPIRE directive (seamless map of Europe) at the international level and with the Digital Czechia 2018+ strategy at the national level.