Ústav teoretické a experimentální elektrotechniky

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Sample Thickness and Edge Proximity Influence Spatial Behavior of Filaments and Treatment Uniformity of RF Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet
(SPRINGER, 2025-01-01) Polášková, Kateřina; Nečas, David; Dostál, Lukáš; Klíma, Miloš; Zajíčková, Lenka
The ability of atmospheric pressure plasma jets to treat complex non-planar surfaces is often cited as their advantage over other atmospheric plasmas. However, the effect of complex surfaces on plasma parameters and treatment efficiency has seldom been studied. Herein, we investigate the interaction of the atmospheric pressure plasma slit jet (PSJ) with block polypropylene samples of different thicknesses (5 and 30 mm) moving at two different speeds. Even though the distance between the slit outlet and the sample surface was kept constant, the treatment efficiency of PSJ ignited in the Ar and Ar/O2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\hbox {Ar/O}_2$$\end{document} gas feeds varied with the sample thickness due to the plasma parameters such as filament count and speed being affected by the different distances of the ground (the closer the ground is, the higher the discharge electric field). On the other hand, the Ar/N2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\hbox {Ar/N}_2$$\end{document} PSJ diffuse plasma plumes were less affected by the changes in the electric field, and the treatment efficiency was the same for both sample thicknesses. Additionally, we observed a difference in the efficiency and uniformity of the PSJ treatment of the edges and the central areas in some working conditions. The treatment efficiency near the edges depended on the duration of the filament contact, i. e., how long the local electric field trapped the filaments. Conversely, the treatment uniformity near the edges and in the central areas was different if the number of filaments changed rapidly as the discharge moved on and off the sample (the 5 mm samples treated by easily sustained Ar PSJ).
Industry 4.0 demonstrator: COMBED
(ELSEVIER, 2024-08-14) Braun, Vlastimil; Zezulka, František; Marcoň, Petr; Jirsa, Jan; Fiedler, Petr; Kaczmarczyk, Václav; Arm, Jakub; Bradáč, Zdeněk; Dohnal, Přemysl
The paper discusses the manufacturing procedures and modes that will be employed in smart factories in the course of the next stage of technology development within the 4th Industrial Revolution. The manufacturing modes integrate the principles of Industry 4.0 (I4.0), presented through specifications by German, French, and Italian standardization committees. At present, the individual aspects of the entire system, which comprises technological means, functions, services, management structures, and requirements on manufacturing components and products in factories of the future, are being standardized. In our research, this 14.0 -based mode of production is demonstrated on a virtual testbed. Compared to the costly physical testbeds, whose application is limited physically as well as in terms of funding and time, the virtual approach allows showing the 14.0 manufacturing principles effectively and cheaply. For this purpose, we employ two versions of the COMBED, a virtual testbed; in this context, the principles are exposed as facilitating consistent production management decentralization via standardized Asset Administration Shell (AAS) digital twins in both the individual manufacturing components and the actual product. The paper is complemented with viderecordings that expose the model functions of a smart factory producing simple plastic models of various cars by using robots, automated machines and stores, 3D printers, and other manufacturing components equipped with standardized digital twins (AASs). Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors.
Use of Multi-Agent System for Industrial Production Control
(Elsevier, 2024-08-14) Jirsa, Jan; Zezulka, František; Marcoň, Petr; Pečinka, Tomáš; Nováček, Ladislav; Kaczmarczyk, Václav; Arm, Jakub
This paper describes specific implementation of Asset Administration Shell technology used for an industrial distributed control system. The base of this control system is a multiagent system of digital twins which was created by AAS. This multiagent system was developed for a specific platform CP Factory (mainly based on Simatic PLC) but the implementation is y portable to each common platform. Digital twin of several types of components of typical industrial production process are described in this paper with the implementation of active and passive administration shell. The main focus is on describing the way of integrating digital twins into the production system and the necessary SW tools. Industry 4.0 language was used as a common communication protocol as well as OPC UA and MQTT.
Using Visual Odometry to Determine the Position of a UAV
(Elsevier, 2024-08-30) Pintér, Marco; Janoušek, Jiří; Klouda, Jan; Marcoň, Petr
We discuss the main concepts and problems related to navigating an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in a three-dimensional space via visual odometry. In the nearest future, GMSS-free UAV navigation will embody a critical part of autonomous navigation systems, with information from on-board cameras enabling the user to estimate the UAV's movement and position. In the given context, this paper presents different types of visual odometry, sensors for visual odometry, implementation components, and application scenarios. To allow the development and innovations, we utilize the widely used Robotic Operating System (ROS).
Analysis of requirements for teaching Industry 4.0 topics at universities
(ELSEVIER, 2024-08-30) Kaczmarczyk, Václav; Baštán, Ondřej; Marcoň, Petr; Jirsa, Jan; Arm, Jakub; Bradáč, Zdeněk; Kaczmarczyková, Zuzana
In order to fulfill the philosophy of Industry 4.0, it is necessary to introduce a large number of new topics in schools, which are difficult for students to grasp. The basic problem in teaching is the requirement of interdisciplinarity, where a student of electrical engineering automation must get an overview of mechanical and computer science topics. The skills can be divided into technical - engineering and business-management skills. In addition to hard skills, the need to introduce soft skills into the curriculum cannot be overlooked. The article summarises the necessary competences and gives a brief overview of what is taught in the field of Industry 4.0 at our workplace, together with a short comparison of other institutions.

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