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Seasonal synchronization and unpredictability in epidemic models with waning immunity and healthcare thresholds
(NATURE PORTFOLIO, 2025-05-22) Eclerová, Veronika; Sen, Deeptajyoti; Přibylová, Lenka
This paper explores a model integrating healthcare capacity thresholds and seasonal effects to investigate the synchronization of epidemic cycles with seasonal transmission rates, using parameters reflective of the COVID-19 pandemic. Through bifurcation analysis in the epi-seasonal domain, we identify regions of significant seasonal synchronization related to transmission rate fluctuations, waning immunity, and healthcare capacity thresholds. The model highlights four sources of unpredictability: chaotic regimes, quasiperiodicity, proximity to SNIC or transcritical bifurcations, and bistability. Our findings reveal that chaotic regimes are more predictable than quasiperiodic regimes in epidemiological terms. Synchronizing outbreaks with seasonal cycles, even in chaotic regimes, predominantly results in significant winter outbreaks. Conversely, quasiperiodicity allows outbreaks to occur at any time of the year. Near eradication unpredictability aligns with historical pertussis data, underscoring the model’s relevance to real-world epidemics and vaccine schedules. Additionally, we identify a bistability region with potential for abrupt shifts in disease prevalence, triggered by superspreading events or migration.
Project manager: Innovation for health and sustainability in a dynamic work environment
(Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2024-05-17) Širáňová, Lenka
This scientific article examines the issue of health sustainability in the context of the demanding role of the project man-ager. This scientific article focuses on the issue of project managers and the topic they are currently dealing with, which is how to stay healthy in the long-term while being productive at work. The aim of the paper is to analyse the key factors that af-fect the health and well-being of project managers in the Czech Republic and to propose possible solutions to improve the physical and mental health of project managers. The research was divided into two parts. First, a literature search was conducted and based on this, the questions for the qualitative research were developed and divided into two parts. In the first part a questionnaire was sent to project man-agers in the Czech Republic and in the second part structured interviews were conducted. Based on the findings, recom-mendations were made for the project managers themselves and also recommendations for working with the project team.
Impact of ISO 14 001, ISO 9 001 and ISO 45 001 on economic performance and competitive potential of European companies
(Tomas Bata University, 2024-12-30) Pavláková Dočekalová, Marie; Balcerzak, Adam Przemyslaw; Luňáček, Jiří; Doubravský, Karel; Meluzín, Tomáš; Łapińska, Justyna
In this paper, we investigate the impact of voluntary standards and approaches in environmental management (ISO 14 000 or EMS), quality management (ISO 9000) and occupational health and safety management (OHSAS 45001) on economic performance of European companies. From the perspective of business practices, implementation of these standards is currently considered as one of the basic tools for building competitive potential of companies. We used a sample of 442 European listed companies for the period 2017-2021. The key analytical tools utilized to identify and model the relationships between management system certifications and economic variables were multivariate regression analysis and logistic regression. The study has found no significant direct impact of ISO certifications on economic performance. The expected benefits of these certifications are context-dependent and are influenced by existing regulatory frameworks and market maturity. The study suggests insignificant effects of these certifications in mature, highly regulated markets. Another finding is that firms with lower economic performance are more likely to adopt management system certifications, supporting the hypothesis that firms with lower productivity seek certification to achieve efficiency gains and build basic competitive advantages. The findings are set in the context of a strict regulatory environment in Europe, where existing regulation may mitigate other benefits of certifications. The study also considers the potential saturation of certifications in developed economies, which could reduce their competitive advantage. The analysis includes a time series covering the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods and finds no significant benefits of these certifications for economic resilience during COVID-19.
The Real Effects of GDP Manipulation on Corporate Innovation: Evidence From China
(Faculty of Management and Economics of Tomas Bata University in Zlín, 2024-09-30) Deng, Yuemeng; Fang, Fang; Širáňová, Lenka; Zhang, Jie; Cao, Xin
Corporate innovation is fundamental to the sustainable competitiveness of any economy. This paper examines whether and how local government-level macroeconomic growth pressure induced by gross domestic product (GDP) manipulation in China affects corporate innovation. Using calibrated satellite night light data to construct the GDP manipulation index, we find that GDP manipulation reduces local firms' ' R&D expenditure in the year ahead. The result holds up through robustness tests using different measures of GDP manipulation and corporate innovation. Additionally, we employ an instrumental variable approach to address endogeneity issues and enhance the strength of the causal inference. Furthermore, we find that the effect of GDP manipulation on local corporate innovation is stronger in regions with higher government intervention and where local governments control greater resources. Moreover, this finding is more prominent when local governors face intensified economic growth pressure or promotion incentives. This paper provides evidence that the Chinese government's ' s incentive to boost GDP growth negatively affects corporate innovation. Our findings offer valuable insights for policymakers aiming to stimulate economic growth and enhance competitiveness within their jurisdiction. By implication, it is necessary to form a financial and administrative system that effectively promotes industrial innovation and facilitates the transformation of the economic growth model into one driven by technology and innovation to gain a reasonable competitive advantage both within China and internationally. Future research may explore the evolving dynamics of GDP manipulation's ' s impact on other microeconomic behaviors, with particular focus on how it hinders competitiveness across industries and regions.
The impact of efficiency on the profitability of large farms in the Visegrad Four
(CZECH ACADEMY AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2024-09-17) Fuchsová, Zuzana; Mareš, David; Křápek, Milan
The issue of productivity and performance in agriculture is significant because it affects a country's competitiveness, sustainability, and self-sufficiency in agricultural production and is reflected in European policy. This study aims to determine which country had the most efficient large farms compared to other V4 countries and whether efficiency in each country translates into the performance of large farms. The data were obtained from the EU FADN (Farm Accountancy Data Network) database from 2005 to 2019. These data were then evaluated using the statistical methods DEA: CCR-O (Data Envelopment Analysis: constant returns to scale), DEA: BCC-O (Data Envelopment Analysis: variable returns to scale), and Pearson correlation coefficient. Regarding international comparisons in achieving efficiency as measured by DEA, Hungary is the best performer among the countries compared, followed by Czechia, Poland, and Slovakia. The correlation between efficiency and performance measured by Farm Net Value Added was demonstrated only for Hungary. The international comparison provided information about which country had the most efficient large farms, what the ranking of countries was in terms of efficiency, and for which countries efficiency had / did not have a potential impact on performance. At the same time, the relationships regarding the efficiency and performance of farms with an economic size above EUR 500 000 of standard output were clarified.

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