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- ItemHow Should I Measure Vehicle Deformation Depth?(SCITEPRESS, 2024-05-03) Moravcová, Pavlína; Zůvala, Robert; Bucsuházy, KateřinaDetermination of deformation energy is an integral part of the accident analysis. Deformation energy could be expressed by parameter EES, which could directly enter the calculation or serve as a control parameter. To determine the EES parameter, it is necessary to know the depth of plastic deformation. There is a lack of standardization in the process of deformation profile determination, because several mathematical models focus on the deformation profile according to established procedures, or the deformation depth is measured along the entire width of the deformation using evenly spaced points. Equal spacing of measurement points can be an unnecessary restriction when documenting traffic accident on accident scene. In the presented article, the differences between equal and non-equal spacing of measurement points and the subsequent influence on the EES calculation are analyzed. Statistical analysis confirmed that equal non-equal distribution of measurement points does not cause significant differences in the determined EES value, so equal spacing is not required. The non-equal spacing could better approximate the deformation profile including subsequent calculation of the EES value, when following certain rules.
- ItemŘízení rizik vybraných prvků kritické dopravní infrastruktury(Czech Technical University in Prague, 2022-09-22) Procházková, Danuše; Procházka, Jan; Martincová, Jana Victoria; Kertis, TomášPro plnění základních funkcí státu je bezpečnost kritické infrastruktury zásadní, a proto ji musí být věnována pozornost. Dopravní infrastruktura patří do kritické infrastruktury. Její prvky: mosty; tunely; nádraží; letiště; a řízení jejich provozu, jsou zásadně důležité. Článek shrnuje zásady pro řízení rizik zmíněných prvků kritické dopravní infrastruktury založený na systémovém pojetí a respektující socio-kyberfyzickou povahu prvků a složitost systémů v dynamicky se vyvíjejícím světě.
- Item31.3 nW, 0.5 V Bulk-Driven OTA for Biosignal Processing(IEEE, 2023-05-24) Kumngern, Montree; Kulej, Tomasz; Khateb, FabianThis paper presents a new extremely low-voltage low-power bulk-driven (BD) operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) realized for low frequency biosignal processing. The CMOS structure of the OTA utilizes bulk-driven and self-cascode techniques in the subthreshold region, supporting the operation with the supply voltage (V-DD) as the threshold voltage (V-TH) of a single MOS transistor, i.e., V-DD = V-TH = 0.5 V, while offering nano power consumption (31.3 nW for 15 nA nominal setting current). Using the extremely low-voltage and low-power OTA in biosignal processing enables extending the lifetime of applications that are powered by battery or energy harvesting sources. The OTA has a 54.7 dB low frequency gain, 6.18 kHz gain bandwidth and 75 degrees phase margin at 15 pF load capacitance. The proposed OTA has been used to realize a bandpass filter (BPF) with adjustable gain for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal processing. The higher cutoff frequency of the BPF is adjustable electronically by a setting current and the BPF's gain can be adjusted by capacitors value. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of the BPF is -53.56 dB, the input integrated input-referred voltage noise is 17.9 mu V-rms, the common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) is 75 dB and the power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) is 87.7 dB. The BPF was designed in the Cadence program using 0.18 mu m CMOS technology from TSMC. The simulation results agree with the presented theory.
- ItemThe Influence of Modern Headlamps on the Recognition of Portable Traffic Signs and Warning Triangles(CTU in Prague, 2023-09-27) Rak, Martin; Tmejová, Tereza; Bilík, Tomáš; Jelínek, David; Bradáč, AlbertThis article focuses on the issue of portable traffic signs and their visibility using different light sources such as halogen, Xenon, or LED. The measured values of luminance and retroreflection for each object are used to distinguish the individual results. The results show the differences between the various light sources on the visibility of the measured objects. Furthermore, from these results it is possible to evaluate portable traffic signs regarding degradation due to mechanical wear or aging.
- ItemDetermination of Selected Crash Parameters in Head-on Vehicle Collision with Rollover(University of Zagreb, Faculty of Transport and Traffic Sciences, 2016-02-02) Semela, Marek; Coufal, TomášManuscript presents complete results of the head-on small overlap crash test of vehicle with driver moving at a speed of approximately 12 m/s against stationary vehicle with post crash rollover. When a crash does not involve main crush-zone structures, the occupant compartment is not well protected. Emphasis in manuscript was put on determination and presentation of crash parameters for application in traffic accident analyses and for simulation with the help of software for accident reconstruction. The experimentally measured data from the crash test were analyzed and important crash parameters which are necessary accident reconstruction were obtained. The crash test was specific because of rollover of impacting vehicle resulting from small overlap. Results have shown that small overlap accident is extremely dangerous for the crew with possibility of vehicle rollover and occupant head and neck injury. Also in this case, in relative low speed, the driver suffered light neck and head injury in following days and the longitudinal damage was relatively large. The input parameters for accident reconstruction software as the result of performed crash test were gained.