Application of QuEChERS extraction and LC-MS/MS for determination of pharmaceuticals in sewage sludges sampled across the Czech Republic

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dc.contributor.authorLandová, Pavlínacs
dc.contributor.authorMravcová, Ludmilacs
dc.contributor.authorPoláková, Šárkacs
dc.contributor.authorKosubová, Petracs
dc.coverage.issue55cs
dc.coverage.volume31cs
dc.date.accessioned2025-04-08T10:55:51Z
dc.date.available2025-04-08T10:55:51Z
dc.date.issued2024-11-09cs
dc.description.abstractThe use of pharmaceuticals entails a significant risk of environmental contamination. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are considered to be the main contributors to contamination as they ineffectively eliminate these compounds from wastewater. Simultaneously, they produce solid waste, sludge, which often contains a variety of retained pollutants, including pharmaceuticals. Since sewage sludge is frequently applied to agricultural soil due to its rich nutrient content, pollutants are introduced into the environment in this way. Only a few studies have been carried out on the topic of the analysis of pharmaceuticals in sludge. Therefore, information on the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in sludge is limited. The present study employed quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) extraction and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) analysis to establish a simple and reliable procedure for determining 16 pharmaceuticals (antibiotics, anticonvulsants, antidepressants and -blockers) in sewage sludge. The method has been thoroughly validated, and parameters such as linear range, accuracy, precision, matrix effects and detection and quantification limits were assessed. Our method achieved low limits of quantification (0.5–9.0 µg kg1) and satisfactory recoveries (51–101%). Forty sludge samples from different WWTPs across the Czech Republic were analysed. Fourteen compounds were detected and quantified in most samples, with antidepressants having the highest detection frequency and overall content. Sertraline, with a mean concentration of 521.0 µg kg1, was notably prevalent alongside its metabolite norsertraline (mean concentration 204.9 µg kg1). The antibiotic azithromycin was also found at higher levels (mean concentration 185.1 µg kg1).en
dc.formattextcs
dc.format.extent63946-63958cs
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfcs
dc.identifier.citationENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH. 2024, vol. 31, issue 55, p. 63946-63958.en
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s11356-024-35508-8cs
dc.identifier.issn0944-1344cs
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-5588-3707cs
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0003-1011-6616cs
dc.identifier.other191137cs
dc.identifier.researcheridG-9690-2018cs
dc.identifier.scopus25621742800cs
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11012/250844
dc.language.isoencs
dc.publisherSpringer Naturecs
dc.relation.ispartofENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCHcs
dc.relation.urihttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-024-35508-8cs
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalcs
dc.rights.accessopenAccesscs
dc.rights.sherpahttp://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/issn/0944-1344/cs
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/cs
dc.subjectPharmaceuticalsen
dc.subjectMicropollutantsen
dc.subjectSewage sludgeen
dc.subjectQuEChERSen
dc.subjectLC-MS/MSen
dc.titleApplication of QuEChERS extraction and LC-MS/MS for determination of pharmaceuticals in sewage sludges sampled across the Czech Republicen
dc.type.driverarticleen
dc.type.statusPeer-revieweden
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen
sync.item.dbidVAV-191137en
sync.item.dbtypeVAVen
sync.item.insts2025.04.08 12:55:51en
sync.item.modts2025.04.08 12:33:22en
thesis.grantorVysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická. Ústav chemie a technologie ochrany životního prostředícs
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