Exploring LoRaWAN Traffic: In-Depth Analysis of IoT Network Communications

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dc.contributor.authorPovalač, Alešcs
dc.contributor.authorKrál, Jancs
dc.contributor.authorArthaber, Holgercs
dc.contributor.authorKolář, Ondřejcs
dc.contributor.authorNovák, Marekcs
dc.coverage.issue17cs
dc.coverage.volume23cs
dc.date.accessioned2023-08-28T10:52:49Z
dc.date.available2023-08-28T10:52:49Z
dc.date.issued2023-08-22cs
dc.description.abstractIn the past decade, Long-Range Wire-Area Network (LoRaWAN) has emerged as one of the most widely adopted Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) standards. Significant efforts have been devoted to optimizing the operation of this network. However, research in this domain heavily relies on simulations and demands high-quality real-world traffic data. To address this need, we monitored and analyzed LoRaWAN traffic in four European cities, making the obtained data and post-processing scripts publicly available. For monitoring purposes, we developed an open-source sniffer capable of capturing all LoRaWAN communication within the EU868 band. Our analysis discovered significant issues in current LoRaWAN deployments, including violations of fundamental security principles, such as the use of default and exposed encryption keys, potential breaches of spectrum regulations including duty cycle violations, SyncWord issues, and misaligned Class-B beacons. This misalignment can render Class-B unusable, as the beacons cannot be validated. Furthermore, we enhanced Wireshark’s LoRaWAN protocol dissector to accurately decode recorded traffic. Additionally, we proposed the passive reception of Class-B beacons as an alternative timebase source for devices operating within LoRaWAN coverage under the assumption that the issue of misaligned beacons can be addressed or mitigated in the future. The identified issues and the published dataset can serve as valuable resources for researchers simulating real-world traffic and for the LoRaWAN Alliance to enhance the standard to facilitate more reliable Class-B communication.en
dc.formattextcs
dc.format.extent1-20cs
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfcs
dc.identifier.citationSENSORS. 2023, vol. 23, issue 17, p. 1-20.en
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/s23177333cs
dc.identifier.issn1424-8220cs
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0001-7693-9901cs
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-6255-5365cs
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0003-4187-4890cs
dc.identifier.other184438cs
dc.identifier.researcheridJAX-2814-2023cs
dc.identifier.scopus36167226900cs
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11012/213817
dc.language.isoencs
dc.publisherMDPIcs
dc.relation.ispartofSENSORScs
dc.relation.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/17/7333cs
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalcs
dc.rights.accessopenAccesscs
dc.rights.sherpahttp://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/issn/1424-8220/cs
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/cs
dc.subjectIoTen
dc.subjectLoRaen
dc.subjectLoRaWANen
dc.subjectClass-Ben
dc.subjectdataseten
dc.subjectnetwork snifferen
dc.subjecttraffic monitoringen
dc.subjecttime synchronizationen
dc.titleExploring LoRaWAN Traffic: In-Depth Analysis of IoT Network Communicationsen
dc.type.driverarticleen
dc.type.statusPeer-revieweden
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen
sync.item.dbidVAV-184438en
sync.item.dbtypeVAVen
sync.item.insts2023.09.22 12:52:59en
sync.item.modts2023.09.22 12:14:30en
thesis.grantorVysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií. Ústav radioelektronikycs
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