Multiple normalized solutions for the planar Schrödinger–Poisson system with critical exponential growth

Abstract

The paper deals with the existence of normalized solutions for the following Schr & ouml;dinger-Poisson system with -constraint: { -Delta u+lambda u+mu(log||& lowast;u2)u=(e(u2-)1-u2)u,x is an element of R-2, integral R(2)u(2)dx=c, where mu>0,lambda is an element of R , will arise as a Lagrange multiplier and the nonlinearity enjoys critical exponential growth of Trudinger-Moser type. By specifying explicit conditions on the energy level c, we detect a geometry of local minimum and a minimax structure for the corresponding energy functional, and prove the existence of two solutions, one being a local minimizer and one of mountain-pass type. In particular, to catch a second solution of mountain-pass type, some sharp estimates of energy levels are proposed, suggesting a new threshold of compactness in the -constraint. Our study extends and complements the results of Cingolani-Jeanjean (SIAM J Math Anal 51(4): 3533-3568, 2019) dealing with the power nonlinearity a|u|p-2uin the case ofa>0andp>4, in the case of and , which seems to be the first contribution in the context of normalized solutions. Our model presents some new difficulties due to the intricate interplay between a logarithmic convolution potential and a nonlinear term of critical exponential type and requires a novel analysis and the implementation of new ideas, especially in the compactness argument. We believe that our approach will open the door to the study of other -constrained problems with critical exponential growth, and the new underlying ideas are of future development and applicability.The paper deals with the existence of normalized solutions for the following Schr & ouml;dinger-Poisson system with -constraint: { -Delta u+lambda u+mu(log||& lowast;u2)u=(e(u2-)1-u2)u,x is an element of R-2, integral R(2)u(2)dx=c, where mu>0,lambda is an element of R , will arise as a Lagrange multiplier and the nonlinearity enjoys critical exponential growth of Trudinger-Moser type. By specifying explicit conditions on the energy level c, we detect a geometry of local minimum and a minimax structure for the corresponding energy functional, and prove the existence of two solutions, one being a local minimizer and one of mountain-pass type. In particular, to catch a second solution of mountain-pass type, some sharp estimates of energy levels are proposed, suggesting a new threshold of compactness in the -constraint. Our study extends and complements the results of Cingolani-Jeanjean (SIAM J Math Anal 51(4): 3533-3568, 2019) dealing with the power nonlinearity a|u|p-2uin the case ofa>0andp>4, in the case of and , which seems to be the first contribution in the context of normalized solutions. Our model presents some new difficulties due to the intricate interplay between a logarithmic convolution potential and a nonlinear term of critical exponential type and requires a novel analysis and the implementation of new ideas, especially in the compactness argument. We believe that our approach will open the door to the study of other -constrained problems with critical exponential growth, and the new underlying ideas are of future development and applicability.