Prostředky uvědomění a předcházení kolizí – bezpečnost a udržitelnost ve vesmíru

Abstract

The growth of space activities and artificial objects in Earth’s orbit have notably increased the risk of space collision, presenting a challenge to space safety and sustainability. This article analyzes the technologies and strategies to avoid space collisions and increase awareness. It begins with a historical background of space collisions and the factors that contributed to the accumulation of the high amount of debris in space. The study then provides statistics on the amount of space debris and their size distribution, from databases of prominent space agencies such as European Space Agency (ESA), and The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The current technologies for collision avoidance and their application, advantages and disadvantages of these technologies, and what affects their efficiency, are also shown in practice in ISS (International Space Station), satellites and launch vehicles. In addition, this article also analyzes the potential of emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML). The article concludes by labeling sustainability in space safety, current strategies and recommendations for promoting long-term collision avoidance and awareness.

The growth of space activities and artificial objects in Earth’s orbit have notably increased the risk of space collision, presenting a challenge to space safety and sustainability. This article analyzes the technologies and strategies to avoid space collisions and increase awareness. It begins with a historical background of space collisions and the factors that contributed to the accumulation of the high amount of debris in space. The study then provides statistics on the amount of space debris and their size distribution, from databases of prominent space agencies such as European Space Agency (ESA), and The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The current technologies for collision avoidance and their application, advantages and disadvantages of these technologies, and what affects their efficiency, are also shown in practice in ISS (International Space Station), satellites and launch vehicles. In addition, this article also analyzes the potential of emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML). The article concludes by labeling sustainability in space safety, current strategies and recommendations for promoting long-term collision avoidance and awareness.