Integrated health monitoring system with flexible asymmetric supercapacitors based on 2D Ti3C2 MXene and transitional metal oxides

Abstract

Developing flexible, lightweight, and portable medical devices for continuous health monitoring requires compact and sustainable energy storage solutions. Traditional devices often rely on bulky wired equipment or battery-powered systems requiring frequent recharging, limiting practicality. We developed a flexible and stable asymmetric supercapacitor using MXene and transition metal oxide nanocomposite. In half cells, the electrolyte was 1M H2SO4; in full cells, a PVA/H2SO4 gel was used. Among the composites, Fe2O3@Ti3C2 showed superior electrochemical performance due to surface redox reactions enhancing pseudocapacitance. The Fe2O3@Ti3C2||Ti3C2 electrode delivered high specific capacitance, excellent power density, remarkable cyclic stability, and mechanical durability over 10,000 bending cycles. The assembled device successfully powered small electronics (LEDs and digital thermometers). Also, integrated with a pressure sensor to monitor human heartbeat signals in real time, with wireless data transmission to a mobile device. This work demonstrates the efficiency and applicability of Fe2O3@Ti3C2 flexible supercapacitors for next-generation wearable and biomedical electronics.