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- ItemToward a Tailored Acoustic-Based Approach in Music Neuromodulation in Epilepsy(Wiley, 2025-07-05) Strýček, Ondřej; Mekyska, Jiří; Miklánek, Štěpán; Fusek, Michal; Štillová, Klára; Mazánek, Martin; Rektor, IvanBackground Music-based neuromodulation has garnered interest as a potential therapeutic approach for drug-resistant epilepsy. This study expands on prior research by examining the effects of different musical features on interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) within intracerebral EEG (iEEG). Methods Twenty-five patients with drug-resistant epilepsy undergoing presurgical iEEG evaluation participated in the study. Over 2days, patients listened to various musical compositions characterized by distinct acoustic properties. EEG measurements were recorded before and after each listening session to evaluate IED changes. Results The study identified individualized patterns in IED reduction, with certain acoustic properties showing consistent effects across musical genres. Mozart's “Piano Concerto No. 27” K 595c globally reduced IEDs by 28% while listening to music (p=0.0191) and 19% in the postmusic resting state (p=0.0111); relaxation music increased IEDs by 55% (p=0.0197). Based on the acoustic analysis of individuals, we identified compositions that significantly reduced IEDs, with reductions ranging from 32% to 44% (p=0.0001). In contrast, compositions with differing acoustic properties did not result in significant changes in IEDs. These results suggest that specific acoustic properties, rather than genre, primarily influence IEDs. Conclusions The findings suggest that specific acoustic properties can influence brain activity in a reproducible manner at the individual level, modulating IEDs based on personalized testing and selection across a spectrum of musical genres. These results suggest the potential for music-based neuromodulation as a personalized therapeutic approach in epilepsy management, emphasizing the importance of acoustic features over musical genre. Further research is needed to explore individual aspects of music-based interventions.
- ItemPractical design of variable fractional-order capacitors with a single tuning feature using field effect transistors and variable capacitance diodes(Springer Nature, 2025-07-01) Šotner, Roman; Black, Chloe; Jeřábek, Jan; Freeborn, Todd; Colburn, Simon; Svoboda, MarekThis paper presents two discrete circuit solutions for realizing passive, electronically adjustable constant-phase elements, specifically half-order capacitors with a -45 degrees phase shift. Fractional-order capacitors with electronically adjustable pseudocapacitance are especially useful for designing tunable filters and oscillators. The ability to adjust pseudocapacitance electronically and continuously is a major improvement over traditional passive solutions. Their pseudocapacitance can be controlled by a DC voltage, allowing key parameters like the cut-off or oscillation frequency to be tuned. Two presented design approaches differ in accuracy, tuning range, and signal-handling capability. Both solutions maintain a constant phase over one frequency decade, with a phase ripple within +/- 2 degrees. The tuning range spans from hundreds of Hz to several MHz. Presented solutions allow pseudocapacitance tuning in range of hundreds of nano F/sec0.5 (with varicaps) and tens of micro F/sec0.5 (with MOSFETs). The MOS-based circuit offers a tuning ratio of 7 but shows a 19% deviation between simulation and measurement. It also suffers from notable nonlinearity, with undistorted operation limited to signal levels up to 20 mV peak-to-peak. The varicap-based solution achieves a tuning ratio of 5, with high accuracy (up to 6% error), and handles input signals in the hundreds of mV with acceptable distortion. PSpice simulations and laboratory measurements confirm the performance of both designs.
- ItemPaměť zvuku (Smetana–Dvořák–Janáček). K metodě zpracování zvukových nahrávek pomocí nástroje MemoVision(CZECH ACAD SCIENCES PRESS, 2024-01-18) Spurný, Lubomír; Ištvánek, Matěj; Jiraský, JanTato studie představuje výsledky projektu „Paměť zvuku: evoluční principy interpretační tradice české hudby na příkladu děl Antonína Dvořáka a Bedřicha Smetany“ (TAČR). Cílem projektu je vytvořit analytické nástroje pro analýzu hudebně-interpretačního výkonu. Projekt zkoumá využití výpočetních metod, strojového učení a umělé inteligence k zachycení interpretačního vývoje klavírních děl Bedřicha Smetany a Antonína Dvořáka. V rámci projektu jsme připravili open-source software „MemoVision“. Tento nástroj kombinuje uživatelsky přívětivé rozhraní a moderní metody zpracování dat. Zaměřuje se na využití metod oboru získávání hudebních informací pro účely analýzy hudebně-interpretačního výkonu. Hlavní důraz je kladen na srovnávací analýzu – výpočet a rozbor rozdílů mezi vícero verzemi stejného hudebního díla. Uživatelé mohou nahrávat zvukové nahrávky, metadata a anotace pozic taktů v podobě „základní pravdy“ a označit každou nahrávku tzv. binárním štítkem. Poté software extrahuje informace ze všech nahrávek a uživateli poskytne užitečné podněty pro kvalitativní výzkum. Uživatelé mohou přehrávat konkrétní rozsahy taktů, vytvářet vlastní sekce podle hudebního významu nebo vizualizovat data o interpretačním výkonu a rozdíly mezi nahrávkami nebo skupinami nahrávek. Nástroj MemoVision kombinuje metodu synchronizace a statistického vyhodnocení spolu s možnostmi vizua- lizace, aby přispěl k porozumění dat o interpretačním výkonu. Možnosti softwaru jsou prezentovány také na několika interpretacích Smyčcového kvartetu č. 13 G dur, op. 106 Antonína Dvořáka a Smyčcového kvartetu č. 2 „Listy důvěrné“ Leoše Janáčka v sekci „Smyčcové kvartety: Dvořák–Janáček“. Následující sekce „Exkurs: České tance Bedřicha Smetany“ využívá rozsáhlou hudební databázi Smetanových českých tanců. Zastoupení nahrávek zahraničních klavíristů je sice nižší, ale tvoří dostatečně reprezentativní skupinu umožňující zachytit rozdíly mezi jednou z binárních tříd (v našem případě jsme zvolili české vs. zahraniční interprety). Cílem analýzy bylo najít takty nebo úseky, ve kterých se interpretace dvou definovaných skupin nejvíce lišily.
- ItemQuantifying NB-IoT Performance in 5G Use-Cases With Mixture of Regular and Stochastic Traffic(IEEE, 2024-11-12) Mašek, Pavel; Moltchanov, Dmitri; Štůsek, Martin; Možný, Radek; Koucheryavy, Yevgeni; Hošek, JiříThe increasing demand for power distribution systems in terms of control with nearly immediate response requires deploying a new type of user equipment (UE) that demands permanent connectivity. In NB-IoT systems, the traffic generated by such UEs may constitute a large part of the overall load. In this paper, we first propose a detailed two-dimensional Markov chain model to capture the system's behavior with the mixture of conventional stochastic and regular traffic types. To provide a computationally efficient solution, we then apply the state aggregation technique to reduce it to a one-dimensional model and develop approximations and associated numerical algorithms for assessing the mean delay when transmitting the considered traffic. Our results show that a single NB-IoT cell remains stable for up to 72x10^4 conventional UEs and 9x10^3 UEs demanding permanent connectivity. The presence of the latter UEs type has a linear effect on their delay, but affects conventional UEs more drastically. A delay bound of 10s specified in ITU-R M.2410 is met for the conventional UEs, even under a high number of permanently connected UEs 10^3. However, the delay on the side of the latter UEs is violated even for 100 permanently connected UEs requiring redesigning the NB-IoT channel access mechanism or expanding resources.
- ItemKiFramework — A Federated Learning Platform with an Innovative Communication Protocol(Croatian Communications and Information Society, 2024-12-10) Michálek, Jakub; Oujezský, Václav; Škorpil, VladislavThis paper presents a newly developed framework for federated learning adapted to crisis management applications on the Android platform. This framework focuses on solving client communication problems during the federated learning process. KiFramework introduces an innovative communication protocol and framework that enhances data exchange reliability and supports efficient collaboration in multi-server environments, addressing key challenges in traditional centralized server architectures. Our research provides a comprehensive solution to optimize communication and ensure seamless collaboration among multiple servers, improving applications’ efficiency using federated learning.