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- ItemRole of reverse logistics in the circular economy Perspective of End Consumer Behaviour(Vysoké učení technické v Brně, Fakulta podnikatelská, 2024-12-13) Milichovský, FrantišekPurpose of the article: The current problem on customers' side is the problem of waste generated after purchasing. The purchasing process provides a huge amount of waste, especially due to various kinds of packaging (boxes, bags, sacks) in paper and plastic form. The purpose of the paper is to get an answer, to how consumers behave after purchase with individual packages. Methodology/methods: It targeted the verification of customer behavior in connection to point-of-sale activities and activities of reverse logistics. The data collection was carried out between August 2023 and January 2024, i.e. for 20 weeks. The questionnaire was distributed to a total of 2000 end customers who were selected according to their age (720 returned questionnaires, the return rate was 36.00%). Scientific aim: The main objective of the paper is to define the potential relationship between the generating of end-consumers and package handling and package handling for food products. To get relevant answers there was a realized questionnaire survey. Findings: The main result of the contribution is defining dependence between the handling of the packaging for the products purchased is not dependent on the age of the consumer. On the contrary, there is no provided dependence between package handling for food products is not dependent on the age of the consumer. Conclusions: The concept of circular economy is currently being developed according to the description and requirements of the European Union with a focus on a comprehensive solution. The value of this contribution is in its connection to customers' / consumers' behavior in the context of the prevention and management of waste.
- ItemDetection and classification of fake news from social media Perspective of End Consumer Behaviour(Vysoké učení technické v Brně, Fakulta podnikatelská, 2024-12-13) Janková, Zuzana; Páleš, Michal; Potrykus, Marcin; Buics, LászlóThe tremendous rise of artificial intelligence and the use of ChatGPT enables the unprecedented rapid spread of various messages. The fundamental problem at present is the spread of false, unverified news and information known as fake news. This great challenge of the modern world causes deliberate manipulation of public opinion, can contribute to the loss of value in the stock market and poses many risks on a global level. For the detection of fake news, a dataset containing text messages from the social platform X is used. Within the framework of natural language processing (NLP), a text analysis was performed including traditional pre-processing steps, such as tokenization, removal of traces of words, excessive punctuation, etc. Subsequently the Bag of Words transformation was used, the text is coded into word vectors through the word embedding method and Word2Vec vectorization. Based on previous research and impressive practical performance, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) technique is chosen for fake news classification, which is a highly robust and effective machine learning algorithm.nThe issue of detection and classification of information disseminated on online platforms is difficult, and so far, no unambiguous approach has been provided that would provide satisfactory results. To fill the research gaps, this paper is focused on the detection of fake news from messages published on a social network using Machine Learning (ML) methods, specifically, the SVM algorithm is chosen.nPreprocessing the text data reduced the dimensionality of the dataset by almost 50 %, as many news headlines contained a large number of meaningless tokens or excessive punctuation. The importance of this step has been proven, especially when using unstructured data from social platforms. The accuracy of fake news classification is almost 75 % using SVM. Due to the fact that unstructured data and individual pre-processing steps can distort certain elements revealing fake news from legitimate news, it is advisable to focus in more detail on individual pre-processing steps in future research. In particular, excessive punctuation or frequent use of stop words can provide additional elements that can help separate fake news from real news.
- ItemSelected economic theories’ point of view on the business model transformation(Vysoké učení technické v Brně, Fakulta podnikatelská, 2024-12-13) Ulrichová, Veronika; Očko, MartinPurpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to introduce and explain the economic difficulty of transforming a company’s business model and examine the change through selected economic theories. Methodology/methods: The methodology for the conduction of this paper is based on the review of the original resources and writings of the people who have been influencing the economic thought of humankind. Scientific aim: This paper aims to analyze the impact of the business model transformation using various economic theories. It offers the points of view of authors such as John Maynard Keynes, Friedrich Hayek and Joseph Schumpeter, considering the current circular economy trends. The whole paper is based on the implications of the theories to the proposed dissertation topics of the authors. Findings: This paper implies that sustainability and servitization are complex processes that require transformation of business models and implementation of digital technologies. Whether sustainability is truly perceived as sustainable depends on the constant increase in globalization and the associated increase in resource demand, which directly influences the level of emissions and waste production. Conclusions: This paper points out that in the current modern digital era, companies need to actively analyze their market environment, taking into account competitors' activities, financial constraints, economic situation and the stage of the business cycle. Society is placing ever-increasing demands on companies to behave sustainably, be environmentally responsible, and require companies to address the impacts of their activities, including the use of renewable resources and recycling standards. The integration of digital technologies and the focus on sustainability in this paper highlights the interconnection of servitization, business model transformation and digitalization in modern manufacturing strategies.
- ItemTransforming Banking with Artificial Intelligence Applications, Challenges, and Implications(Vysoké učení technické v Brně, Fakulta podnikatelská, 2024-12-13) Mucsková, MonikaPurpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the banking sector, focusing on its applications, challenges, and implications. By synthesizing existing research and empirical studies, the article aims to inform researchers about the transformative potential and inherent challenges of AI-driven innovation in banking. Methodology/methods: Using a systematic review approach, the relevant literature on AI integration in banking was identified from electronic databases and leading corporate research departments, ensuring a synthesis of scholarly and industry perspectives. Scientific aim: With limited academic research on AI in banking, this study aims to shed light on its applications, challenges, and implications. Findings: The integration of AI in the banking sector has significantly transformed various operational areas, including customer interactions, risk management, compliance, and operational efficiency. AI applications, such as chatbots and smart virtual assistants, have enhanced customer service by offering personalized, 24/7 support, and have demonstrated significant cost and revenue benefits. AI-driven credit scoring and fraud detection have improved risk assessment and mitigation, enabling more precise and informed decision-making. However, AI adoption faces challenges such as high computational costs, data quality issues, the "curse of recursion" where models trained on AI-generated data degrade, and the need to balance trust in AI outputs with their reliability. Furthermore, regulatory considerations play a crucial role in AI integration. While the European Union's AI Act aims to ensure the ethical use of AI in finance, it also presents challenges related to compliance and potential over-regulation. Conclusions: In conclusion, the integration of AI in the banking sector has revolutionized customer service, risk management, compliance, and operational efficiency. However, the adoption of AI also raises concerns about data privacy, security, and the need for regulatory frameworks to ensure ethical use. As AI continues to evolve, it will be crucial for banks to balance technological innovation with responsible practices to maximize benefits and mitigate risks.
- ItemPrivate Equity Exits in the CEE: An Exploratory Analysis of Exit Routes and Holding Periods(Vysoké učení technické v Brně, Fakulta podnikatelská, 2024-12-13) Bílek, MichaelPurpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to assess private equity exit strategies of CEE portfolio companies with regards to desired exit routes, including a cross-border deal aspect and a pre-exit holding period. Methodology/methods: This paper employs secondary data from the Mergermarket database containing information on more than 20 thousand private equity M&A deals and IPOs. General scientific methods such as analysis, comparison or generalization were used. Scientific aim: Only limited amount of research was carried out on the private equity exits in the region of central and eastern Europe. This study aims at shedding new light on understanding of private equity exit route decisions and timing in this particular geographic area. Findings: Exiting a CEE portfolio company, private equity investors tend to prefer exiting via trade sales over secondary buyouts or IPOs. They also tend to prefer foreign acquirers over domestic ones. A typical pre-exit holding period averages around 5 years. Conclusions: Our results show that while exiting a CEE portfolio company, private equity investors tend to divest by selling the company to a strategic investor (trade sales) rather than a financial investor (secondary buyouts) or exiting via an IPO. While exiting via trade sales and secondary buyouts, private equity investors tend to prefer foreign acquirers rather than domestic ones with a strong preference of acquirers from outside of the respective region. Typical holding period of a CEE private equity portfolio company remains on average in line with academic theory. Our paper contributes to the developing literature of private equity by using an extended and up to date dataset and introducing the research on the cross-border aspect of PE exit strategies.