Ústav procesního inženýrství

Browse

Now showing 1 - 5 of 51

Digital Revolution in Spatial Planning: The Potential of Geolocation Data in Czechia
(MDPI, 2025-05-07) Jirasek, Petr; Šomplák, Radovan
This article analyzes population movement patterns in the Vyso & ccaron;ina Region, Czechia, using mobile network geolocation data. Geolocation data provide new insights into population movement and structure, capturing real-time fluctuations in population size at different times of day and days of the week. The article aims to contribute to a better understanding of spatiotemporal population dynamics and identify links between movement patterns and different types of areas. Key mobility trends, such as work commuting, seasonal migration related to second homes and tourism, and the influence of urbanization on movement patterns, are identified. A scaling approach for categorizing municipalities based on their characteristics is proposed and tested in a case study of Vyso & ccaron;ina Region municipalities. Furthermore, a case study of various municipality types demonstrates the practical application of geolocation data in spatial planning. The results highlight the value of these data for spatial planning, enabling a better understanding of population needs and optimization of public services and infrastructure.
Industrial validation of developed equipment for identifying the fouling capabilities of gaseous waste heat-usable process streams
(Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 2025-05-14) Daxner, Ján; Babička Fialová, Dominika; Zabloudil, Jan; Jegla, Zdeněk; Strapina, Jiří
Particulate fouling in gaseous waste heat-recovery processes reduces heat transfer efficiency and increases operational costs. This paper presents the industrial validation of developed equipment, building on earlier laboratory studies, to identify and characterize fouling capabilities in diverse applications. The device enables to work with a wide range of particulate deposition rates for different types of fouling particles and operating conditions such as temperatures, flow rates, and different heat transfer surface geometries. Industrial tests on operating process streams allow real-time assessment of fouling behavior. The results confirm the equipment’s capability to capture key fouling parameters, aiding process optimization reliably. Insights from the collected data support recommendations on heat exchanger geometry and operating conditions to mitigate fouling, helping extend equipment lifespan and reduce maintenance. Results of industrial validation confirm that the device can be used as a reliable and versatile tool to help the industry make better use of waste heat, save energy, and reduce problems associated with particulate deposition.
Techno-economic Model of Multimodal Transport
(Univerzitetna založba Univerze v Mariboru, 2024-02-26) Poul, David; Gregor, Jiří; Pavlas, Martin; Fan, Yee Van
With the current effort to reduce transport emissions, the shift in the transport of goods from road to rail or combination is expected on a larger scale. For this shift to have the expected results, it needs to be supported by detailed project planning and calculation. The paper presents the techno-economic model of multimodal transport, focusing on road and rail transport. The model includes a vast database of transport systems for both types of transport. To complete the logistic chain, the model includes the calculation for transfer stations, handling equipment, and other needed parts. The model also includes an economic evaluation allowing analysis of the whole logistic chain of multimodal transport or performing the comparison of individual types of transport.
Waste Analysis and Determination of the Average Composition of Municipal Waste With a Focus on the Circular Economy
(Univerzitetna založba Univerze v Mariboru, 2024-02-26) Gregor, Jiří; Kropáč, Jiří; Pavlas, Martin; Fan, Yee Van
This paper focuses on the sorting, analysis and composition of waste in the context of the circular economy, emphasising the established legislative aspects and separation goals in the European Union. The European Union recognises the urgent need to change the linear model of production and consumption to a circular economy in which waste production is minimised, resources are used sparingly, and product lifetime is prolonged with the environmental impact being minimised. In our paper, we will focus on key legislative aspects. We analysed how this legislation sets new targets and requirements for waste separation, introduces extended producer responsibility schemes and promotes recycling and resource recovery. As a result, we will present the implementation of the determination of the average waste composition from the perspective of the Czech Republic and selected sub-regions.
Towards efficient waste management: identification of waste flow chains in micro-regional detail through monitored data
(Springer, 2024-06-18) Němcová, Lucie; Pluskal, Jaroslav; Šomplák, Radovan; Kůdela, Jakub
Countries around the world are gradually implementing the transition to a circular economy in waste management. This effort should be initiated already at the waste producers. It is necessary to plan and monitor waste management in as much detail as possible, i.e. at the level of micro-regions. At present, only indicators at the national level are analysed, as more detailed data at the micro-regional level are often not available or are burdened with significant errors and inconsistencies. The calculation of waste management indicators for micro-regions will allow to identify the potential for increasing material or energy recovery and to plan the necessary infrastructure directly to these locations instead of blanket and often ineffective legislative actions. This paper presents an approach for determining the producer-treatment linkage, i.e., provides information about each produced waste, where it was treated, and in what way. Such information is often not available based on historical waste management data as there are repeated waste transfers and often aggregated within a micro-region. The network flow approach is based on an iterative procedure combining a simulation with multi-criteria optimization. The chosen criteria replicate expert estimates in investigated issue such as minimum flow splitting, and minimum transfer micro-regions. A data reconciliation is performed where the deviation from all simulations is minimized, given that the capacity constraints of nodes and arcs resulting from the database must be satisfied. The approach is tested on a generated sample task to evaluate the precision and time complexity of the developed tool. Finally, the presented approach is applied to address a case study in the Czech Republic, within which it is possible to identify treatment location and methods for waste from individual regions.

Browse

Recent Submissions