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- Item14N break-up emission with 59Co, 93Nb, and 197Au targets at an incident energy of 250 MeV(SPRINGER, 2024-05-23) Bhuptani, C.; Patel, Dipika; Ojha, V.K.; Mukherjee, SurjitThe emission of alpha particles has been analyzed using a N-14 projectile beam on Co-59, Nb-93, and Au-197 targets at an incident energy of 250 MeV, in the angular range from 8 degrees to 40 degrees. The estimated alpha particles from the break-up channel and the pre-equilibrium mode were compared with the experimentally measured inclusive double differential cross sections at various angles at 250 MeV beam energy. The present results indicate that at such a high incident energy, a significant contribution to the alpha-particle emission comes from direct reactions, which are dominant at forward angles. At larger emission angles, non-equilibrium and evaporation processes increase and compete with direct reactions.
- ItemDetermination of Photoneutron Production from Different Targets Irradiated by Electron Beam(National Academy of Sciences of Armenia, 2024-11-28) Melyan, Elmira; Katovský, Karel; Mukherjee, SurjitIn the present work, a study has been conducted to estimate the production of photoneutrons from different targets irradiated by a 70 MeV electron beam. The linear electron accelerator at the Yerevan Physics Institute in Armenia was used for the purpose. The reaction rates were determined through detailed off-line analysis of experimental data and subsequently compared to theoretical predictions by using the MCNP (Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport) and Cascade Exciton Physics Model (CEM03.03) codes.
- ItemSmart Grids Transmission Network Testbed: Design, Deployment, and Beyond(IEEE, 2024-12-13) Blažek, Petr; Bohačík, Antonín; Fujdiak, Radek; Jurák, Viktor; Ptáček, MichalOur test environment incorporates a unique blend of physical, emulated, and virtualized components, spanning from electrical substations to SCADA systems, thereby offering a versatile platform for testing against cyber threats, facilitating educational programs, and supporting advanced traffic simulation. Motivated by the increasing digitalization of energy networks and the growing risks associated with cybersecurity and crisis management, this work responds to geopolitical situations and a series of attacks on electricity infrastructure, such as in Ukraine between 2015 and 2024. For instance, in 2015 and 2021, major cyberattacks caused power outages in Ukraine and the USA, emphasizing the urgent requirement for robust testing platforms. Key findings from our deployment highlight the testbed’s effectiveness in identifying vulnerabilities, enhancing cybersecurity measures, and providing valuable hands-on learning experiences. The integration of such diverse components not only exemplifies a significant step forward in testbed design but also showcases its potential in fostering innovation and security in the power sector. Through detailed comparisons with existing testbeds, we underscore our testbed’s distinct features and its contribution to bridging the gap in current methodologies, setting a new benchmark for future developments in smart grid testing and education.
- ItemDeterminants of the Relationship between Wholesale and Retail Energy Prices in the Czech Republic(Acta Montanistica Slovaca, 2024-11-11) Pavláková Dočekalová, Marie; Luňáček, Jiří; Radil, Lukáš; Balcerzak, Adam Przemyslaw; Meluzín, Tomáš; Łapińska, Justyna; Zinecker, MarekRising energy prices have become a focus of interest for politicians at the international, European, and national levels. Energy prices are the main determinant of profitability or even the existence of the industrial sector. So, it is accepted that energy policy aims to ensure a secure, sustainable, competitive, and affordable energy supply for households and businesses. However, the recent geopolitical situation has significantly affected the energy policy of the European Union, raising concerns about energy security and an energy crisis. This crisis has had social, economic, and political consequences, including energy poverty. In this context, it is essential to understand the determinants of the relationship between wholesale and retail energy prices. This paper presents a model proposal to be used by the Czech Energy Regulatory Authority. The model of average retail prices depends on the type of contract - spot or forward, with the three-year forward contract having the largest weight on the retail price. Therefore, our study shows that long-term contracts significantly impact retail energy prices, highlighting the importance of regulatory monitoring of market strategies. Methodologically, the model is based on a multivariate regression analysis solved with the least absolute deviations and data for the period 2012 to 2023. The findings of the study contribute to a better understanding of the complexity of the dynamics of energy prices and support policymakers while attempting to ensure energy affordability and sustainability.
- ItemActivation cross section for 85Rb(n,2n)84mRb and 85Rb(n,p)85mKr reactions with uncertainty propagation and covariance analysis(Springer, 2024-09-05) Mehta, M.; Singh, N.L.; Singh, R.K.; Makwana, R.; Subhash, P.V.; Chauhan, Rakesh; Suryanarayana, S.V.; Katovský, KarelThe cross section of Rb-85(n,2n)Rb-84m and Rb-85(n,p)Kr-85m reactions were measured at neutron energy range 12-20 MeV using activation analysis followed by off-line gamma-ray spectroscopic technique. The quasi mono-energetic neutrons were produced through Li-7(p,n)Be-7 reaction. The measurements were done relative to Al-27(n,alpha)Na-24 reference monitor reaction cross section. The detailed uncertainty propagation from the attributes present in measurements was performed using covariance analysis. The gamma-ray self-attenuation and background low neutron energy corrections were performed in the measurement studies. Theoretical calculations were performed by TALYS-1.96 nuclear code. The comparison of measured values with the available data in EXFOR database and evaluated data from JENDL-5 and EAF-2010 shows the measured cross section values of Rb-85(n,p)Kr-85m reaction were slightly higher than the published values, evaluated data and theoretical data while for Rb-85(n,2n)Rb-84m, the measured values were consistent with the published data.