Odbor znalectví ve strojírenství, analýza dopravních nehod a oceňování motorových vozidel

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The Difference in Parameters of Driving Dynamics of a Vehicle with Various Powertrains
(EVU, 2023-10-05) Bilík, Martin; Haniška, Jan; Semela, Marek; Maxera, Pavel; Belák, Michal; Bilík, Tomáš; Bradáč, Albert; Jelínek, David; Křižák, Michal; Mikulec, Roman; Rak, Martin
This article focuses on the dynamic characteristics of vehicles fitted with different types of powertrains (internal combustion engine, hybrid, electric) in evasive maneuvers/moose test. The comparison is derived from detailed analyses of 48 driving tests conducted with a Hyundai Kona under identical weather conditions. The evaluation results show each type's specifics and characteristic behavior during the mentioned driving maneuver. In addition, acceleration measurements were also carried out. The authors found the findings very useful, especially for the necessary parameter selection in traffic accident analysis. The results enable experts, for example, to better select values of achievable deceleration in critical or accident scenarios in comparison with previously available data.
How to Assess the Dangerousness of Driving Situations at Pedestrian Crossings
(EVU, 2023-10-05) Maxera, Pavel; Kledus, Robert; Semela, Marek; Bilík, Martin; Bradáč, Albert; Rak, Martin
The paper analyzes drivers' behavior when solving complex driving situations at pedestrian crossing locations. The findings of the research are based on a detailed analysis of 129 driving tests carried out in real road traffic. The results of the evaluation clarify important characteristics of drivers' behavior at pedestrian crossing locations. Of particular importance are the findings on when pedestrians become an important visual stimulus for drivers, how the driver's behavior affects the complexity of the driving situation, and the overall design of the location where pedestrians cross. From these findings, appropriate criteria for assessing the hazardousness of such driving situations are derived, and limits are found. These limits allow, based on relatively easy-to-detect quantitative data, to determine the dangerousness of a particular driving situation in real road traffic. According to the authors, the findings are particularly useful in assessing the ability of road users to prevent an accident from occurring. Using the results allows experts to assess better the causal links associated with traffic accidents, thus facilitating a further legal assessment.
The Use of a Suitable Simulation Tool for Traffic Modelling
(Vysoké učení technické v Brně, Fakulta strojního inženýrství, Ústav automobilového a dopravního inženýrství, 2023-09-06) Maxera, Pavel; Semela, Marek; Kledus, Robert; Bilík, Martin; Bradáč, Albert
This paper focusses on traffic modelling, which is very relevant to the field of transport planning. The usability of the AnyLogic simulation software is illustrated in the form of a case study at a selected intersection. It is a universal simulation tool that can be used in many research fields (for example, in transportation, logistics, traffic, pedestrian movement, etc.). Using multimethod simulation modelling enables the creation of a wide range of different models with varying levels of detail. The case study evaluated the current state of the intersection during rush hour using simulation. Subsequently, the intersection modifications were designed and simulated in the form of traffic light installation and reconstruction into a roundabout. The comparison of the results showed that both proposed modifications would contribute to improving the current state, that is, eliminating the congestion and strengthening the traffic flow. The best results were achieved with the roundabout variant. The analysis confirmed the suitability of using AnyLogic software to solve this type of problem.
Let It Crash! Energy Equivalent Speed Determination
(SciTePress, 2021-04-30) Moravcová, Pavlína; Bucsuházy, Kateřina; Bilík, Martin; Belák, Michal; Bradáč, Albert
Crash analysis including calculation of the impact speed and related determination of deformation energy is one of the main assumptions for the clarification of mostly negligent crimes. In this article were introduced results of two crash tests representing the comparison of the stiffness and technological obsolescence and their influence on the resulted vehicle deformation. Different extent of vehicle deformation was used to demonstrate the limits of selected methods for Energy Equivalent Speed determination as a value which expresses the kinetic energy dissipated by the vehicle during the contact phase.
Analysis of selected off-road glances during driving in real road traffic
(Elsevier, 2020-03-20) Bucsuházy, Kateřina; Semela, Marek; Belák, Michal; Maxera, Pavel; Bilík, Martin; Rábek, Vlastimil; Zůvala, Robert
The aim of this ongoing research has been the analysis of driver visual behavior in real road traffic. The paper deals with analysis of duration of selected off-road glances. The total gaze duration depending on mirror type has been analysed and also the total gaze duration depending on the navigation task type. For the purpose of this study eye-tracking technology has been used. Eye-tracking method is used to measure motion of an eye relatively to a head. The total gaze duration depending on mirror type has been analysed and also the total gaze duration depending on the navigation task type. The average value of total off-road glances regarding to the checking situation in vehicle mirrors is 1,2 s. The glance frequency distribution shows that the drivers used the right rear-view mirror minorly. As evidenced by the obtained results, the total off-road glance time on the navigation system is dependent on the type of the navigation task. The average value of total off-road glances regarding to the use of the navigation without audio information is 0,9 s, with audio and video navigation system is the average off-road glance time 0,6 s.

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