Odbor znalectví ve strojírenství, analýza dopravních nehod a oceňování motorových vozidel

Browse

Recent Submissions

Now showing 1 - 5 of 12
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Teorie a praxe analýzy silničních nehod
    (Nakladatelství VUTIUM, 2024-04-30) Bradáč, Albert; Semela, Marek; Kledus, Robert; Bilík, Martin; Křižák, Michal; Mikulec, Roman; Bucsuházy, Kateřina; Belák, Michal; Mičunek, Tomáš; Frydrýn, Michal; Nouzovský, Luboš; Svatý, Zdeněk; Radová, Zuzana; Fryšták, Marek; Vojtíšek, Tomáš; Pokorný, Jan; Berg, Jan
    Odborná kniha se zabývá komplexním systémovým přístupem k analýze silničních nehod, obsahuje moderní metody dokumentace i analýzy silničních nehod vč. příkladů a zohledňuje změny v právním prostředí znalecké činnosti
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Multimodal Features for Detection of Driver Stress and Fatigue: Review
    (IEEE, 2021-06-01) Němcová, Andrea; Svozilová, Veronika; Bucsuházy, Kateřina; Smíšek, Radovan; Mézl, Martin; Hesko, Branislav; Belák, Michal; Bilík, Martin; Maxera, Pavel; Seitl, Martin; Dominik, Tomáš; Semela, Marek; Šucha, Matúš; Kolář, Radim
    Driver fatigue and stress significantly contribute to higher number of car accidents worldwide. Although, different detection approaches have been already commercialized and used by car producers (and third party companies), research activities in this field are still needed in order to increase the reliability of these alert systems. Also, in the context of automated driving, the driver mental state assessment will be an important part of cars in future. This paper presents state-of-the-art review of different approaches for driver fatigue and stress detection and evaluation. We describe in details various signals (biological, car and video) and derived features used for these tasks and we discuss their relevance and advantages. In order to make this review complete, we also describe different datasets, acquisition systems and experiment scenarios.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    How to Assess the Dangerousness of Driving Situations at Pedestrian Crossings
    (EVU, 2023-10-05) Maxera, Pavel; Kledus, Robert; Semela, Marek; Bilík, Martin; Bradáč, Albert; Rak, Martin
    The paper analyzes drivers' behavior when solving complex driving situations at pedestrian crossing locations. The findings of the research are based on a detailed analysis of 129 driving tests carried out in real road traffic. The results of the evaluation clarify important characteristics of drivers' behavior at pedestrian crossing locations. Of particular importance are the findings on when pedestrians become an important visual stimulus for drivers, how the driver's behavior affects the complexity of the driving situation, and the overall design of the location where pedestrians cross. From these findings, appropriate criteria for assessing the hazardousness of such driving situations are derived, and limits are found. These limits allow, based on relatively easy-to-detect quantitative data, to determine the dangerousness of a particular driving situation in real road traffic. According to the authors, the findings are particularly useful in assessing the ability of road users to prevent an accident from occurring. Using the results allows experts to assess better the causal links associated with traffic accidents, thus facilitating a further legal assessment.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Safe or unsafe driving maneuvers in road traffic
    (Palacký University in Olomouc, 2017-12-18) Tokař, Stanislav
    This article represents an area closely connected to the analysis of road accidents. When the act of accident is being considered by an expert, it often happens that one participant of the accident causes that the other participant has to change suddenly the speed or direction of his/her drive to prevent possible collision. For a proper consideration of the driving manoeuvres we need to know the limit of a sudden change of speed or a sudden change of direction of drive. The limit of suddenness can be taken as the limit between a safe and already unsafe driving manoeuvre (braking, transverse motion) of the vehicle. The author tried to settle this limit by measurements with respondents who were asked to subjectively classify particular driving manoeuvres. For classification of the sudden change of speed, the intensity of deceleration was altered (3 m/s2, 5 m/s2, 7 m/s2, and maximum attainable deceleration amax m/s2). At classifying a sudden change of direction, we changed the trajectory of the vehicle´s motion with transverse motion in one curve. As a result in the change of trajectory, the magnitude of side acceleration changed (values of side acceleration 2 m/s2, 3 m/s2, 4 m/s2 and 6 m/s2). From the results achieved it can be settled that the limit of a sudden change of vehicle´s speed went round a half of maximally achievable braking deceleration of personal vehicles, at approximately 3,8 to 4,8 m/s2. The limit of a sudden change of direction of drive went between 2,7 and 3,5 m/s2.of vehicles´ side acceleration. Achieved knowledge can be used in the sphere of road accident analysis when classifying driving manoeuvres of individual participants of the scene of accident. All measurements were taken with personal vehicles, thus it is possible to pay further attention to setting the limit of a sudden change of speed and direction of drive with utility vehicles, lorries and trucks, respectively.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Analysis of selected off-road glances during driving in real road traffic
    (Elsevier, 2020-03-20) Bucsuházy, Kateřina; Semela, Marek; Belák, Michal; Maxera, Pavel; Bilík, Martin; Rábek, Vlastimil; Zůvala, Robert
    The aim of this ongoing research has been the analysis of driver visual behavior in real road traffic. The paper deals with analysis of duration of selected off-road glances. The total gaze duration depending on mirror type has been analysed and also the total gaze duration depending on the navigation task type. For the purpose of this study eye-tracking technology has been used. Eye-tracking method is used to measure motion of an eye relatively to a head. The total gaze duration depending on mirror type has been analysed and also the total gaze duration depending on the navigation task type. The average value of total off-road glances regarding to the checking situation in vehicle mirrors is 1,2 s. The glance frequency distribution shows that the drivers used the right rear-view mirror minorly. As evidenced by the obtained results, the total off-road glance time on the navigation system is dependent on the type of the navigation task. The average value of total off-road glances regarding to the use of the navigation without audio information is 0,9 s, with audio and video navigation system is the average off-road glance time 0,6 s.