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Using iVR to deliver optimal psychotherapy experience-current perspectives on VRET for acrophobia
(FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2024-12-05) Kvapil Varšová, Kristína; Juřík, Vojtěch
Immersive Virtual Reality (iVR) presents a promising avenue for treating acrophobia through Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET). This paper explores the current state of VRET for acrophobia, identifying significant technological and practical barriers that limit its effectiveness and hinder widespread adoption. Key challenges include the need for more advanced and realistic user experiences, and for the integration of biofeedback mechanisms. Additionally, the role of therapists remains crucial, as therapist-led VRET sessions demonstrate better outcomes compared to automated interventions. The potential of Collaborative Immersive Virtual Environments (CIVEs) to enhance VRET by simulating real-life interactions and improving patient-therapist engagement is also discussed. Future research should focus on developing comprehensive guidelines for CIVE design and evaluating integrated VRET and CIVE systems for treating phobias, including acrophobia. Addressing these issues will enhance the therapeutic experience, making VRET a more effective and accessible tool for treating acrophobia.
The role of socio-emotional attributes in enhancing human-AI collaboration
(FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2024-12-16) Kolomazník, Michal; Petřík, Vladimír; Sláma, Michal; Juřík, Vojtěch
This article delves into the dynamics of human interaction with artificial intelligence (AI), emphasizing the optimization of these interactions to enhance human productivity. Employing a Grounded Theory Literature Review (GTLR) methodology, the study systematically identifies and analyzes themes from literature published between 2018 and 2023. Data were collected primarily from the Scopus database, with the Web of Science used to corroborate findings and include additional sources identified through a snowball effect. At the heart of this exploration is the pivotal role of socio-emotional attributes such as trust, empathy, rapport, user engagement, and anthropomorphization-elements crucial for the successful integration of AI into human activities. By conducting a comprehensive review of existing literature and incorporating case studies, this study illuminates how AI systems can be designed and employed to foster deeper trust and empathetic understanding between humans and machines. The analysis reveals that when AI systems are attuned to human emotional and cognitive needs, there is a marked improvement in collaborative efficiency and productivity. Furthermore, the paper discusses the ethical implications and potential societal impacts of fostering such human-AI relationships. It argues for a paradigm shift in AI development-from focusing predominantly on technical proficiency to embracing a more holistic approach that values the socio-emotional aspects of human-AI interaction. This shift could pave the way for more meaningful and productive collaborations between humans and AI, ultimately leading to advancements that are both technologically innovative and human-centric.
Speech production under stress for machine learning: multimodal dataset of 79 cases and 8 signals
(Springer Nature, 2024-11-12) Pešán, Jan; Juřík, Vojtěch; Růžičková, Alexandra; Svoboda, Vojtěch; Janoušek, Oto; Němcová, Andrea; Bojanovská, Hana; Aldabaghová, Jasmína; Kyslík, Filip; Vodičková, Kateřina; Sodomová, Adéla; Bartys, Patrik; Chudý, Peter; Černocký, Jan
Early identification of cognitive or physical overload is critical in fields where human decision making matters when preventing threats to safety and property. Pilots, drivers, surgeons, and operators of nuclear plants are among those affected by this challenge, as acute stress can impair their cognition. In this context, the significance of paralinguistic automatic speech processing increases for early stress detection. The intensity, intonation, and cadence of an utterance are examples of paralinguistic traits that determine the meaning of a sentence and are often lost in the verbatim transcript. To address this issue, tools are being developed to recognize paralinguistic traits effectively. However, a data bottleneck still exists in the training of paralinguistic speech traits, and the lack of high-quality reference data for the training of artificial systems persists. Regarding this, we present an original empirical dataset collected using the BESST experimental protocol for capturing speech signals under induced stress. With this data, our aim is to promote the development of pre-emptive intervention systems based on stress estimation from speech.
Subjective visual sensitivity in neurotypical adults: insights from a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study
(FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2024-09-25) Jurkovičová, Lenka; Palenik, Julie; Kudlička, Petr; Pezlar, Lenka; Růžičková, Alexandra; Juřík, Vojtěch; Marecek, Radek; Roman, Robert; Braithwaite, Jason J.; Sandberg, Kristian; Near, Jamie; Brázdil, Milan
Introduction Altered subjective visual sensitivity manifests as feelings of discomfort or overload elicited by intense and irritative visual stimuli. This can result in a host of visual aberrations including visual distortions, elementary visual hallucinations and visceral responses like dizziness and nausea, collectively referred to as "pattern glare." Current knowledge of the underlying neural mechanisms has focused on overall excitability of the visual cortex, but the individual contribution of excitatory and inhibitory systems has not yet been quantified.Methods In this study, we focus on the role of glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as potential mediators of individual differences in subjective visual sensitivity, measured by a computerized Pattern Glare Test-a series of monochromatic square-wave gratings with three different spatial frequencies, while controlling for psychological variables related to sensory sensitivity with multiple questionnaires. Resting neurotransmitter concentrations in primary visual cortex (V1) and right anterior insula were studied in 160 healthy participants using magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Results Data showed significant differences in the perception of visual distortions (VD) and comfort scores between men and women, with women generally reporting more VD, and therefore the modulatory effect of sex was considered in a further examination. A general linear model analysis showed a negative effect of occipital glutamate on a number of reported visual distortions, but also a significant role of several background psychological traits. When assessing comfort scores in women, an important intervening variable was the menstrual cycle.Discussion Our findings do not support that baseline neurotransmitter levels have a significant role in overreactivity to aversive stimuli in neurotypical population. However, we demonstrated that biological sex can have a significant impact on subjective responses. Based on this additional finding, we suggest that future studies investigate aversive visual stimuli while examining the role of biological sex.
Building Execution Plan as an effective document for Building Information Modelling
(Elsevier B.V, 2024-07-29) Sudakova, Katsiaryna; Remeš, Josef; Tichá, Alena
The use of Building Information Modelling (BIM) technology is recently becoming an increasingly influential factor in the successful completion of construction projects. Providing a wide range of technical enhancements to the design process (for example software for 3D modelling), BIM also offers a wide range of tools for managing construction projects. The goal of Building Information Modelling is to eliminate gaps in data transmission between different stages of the life cycle of a construction project. In this context, BEP, or BIM Execution Plan, is an essential document in the BIM concept. It functions as a tool for managing a project, both from the human resources perspective, such as meeting deadlines, and from the perspective of preserving and transferring graphical and non-graphical data of the project. Furthermore, it provides a detailed plan for building design, construction, and facility management, helping to ensure that all stakeholders are in line with the project’s goals. This article examines BEP as it evolves throughout various life cycle stages, from initial design and planning to construction and final delivery, exploring its potential in facility management.

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