Voda ako nosný prvok historickej aj súčasnej urbanizácie
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Šmiralová, Monika
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Mark
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Vysoké učení technické v Brně, Fakulta stavební
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Tento článok skúma význam vody v historickom aj súčasnom urbanizme s dôrazom na jej multifunkčnú úlohu. Voda je nielen nevyhnutná pre život, ale je kľúčová aj pre zlepšenie mestskej mikroklímy. Vodné prvky spolu so zeleňou pomáhajú ochladzovať mestské oblasti a znižovať efekt tepelného ostrova v mestách. To prispieva k lepšiemu zdraviu, pohode a celkovej kvalite života, najmä v kontexte rastu populácie, klimatických zmien a rastúcich nárokov na verejný priestor. Analýza historických prípadov v tomto článku ukazuje strategickú úlohu vody pri vzniku civilizácií, rozvoji infraštruktúry a jej využívaní v hospodárstve alebo obrane. Hlavná časť článku porovnáva súčasné príklady ekologických štvrtí vo Francúzsku: Parc Marianne v Montpellieri, Olympijská dedina v Saint-Denis a Docks de Saint-Ouen v Paríži. Tieto sú skúmané najmä z hľadiska urbanistického dizajnu, vodného hospodárstva, mobility, sociálneho začlenenia a verejného priestoru. Text je doplnený právnym rámcom ekologického plánovania vo Francúzsku vrátane nástrojov, ako sú ZAC, PLU, SCOT a program ÉcoQuartier. Zistenia potvrdzujú, že systematická integrácia vody do urbanistického plánovania zvyšuje odolnosť miest voči zmene klímy, podporuje biodiverzitu a zlepšuje kvalitu života. Voda teda nie je len technickým prvkom, ale aj symbolickou a urbanistickou zložkou, ktorá pokračuje v historických tradíciách a zároveň rieši súčasné výzvy v oblasti udržateľnosti.
This article explores the importance of water in both historical and contemporary urbanism, with emphasis on its multifunctional role. Water is not only essential for life, but also crucial for improving urban microclimate. Water features, together with greenery, help cool urban areas and reduce the urban heat island effect. This contributes to better health, well-being, and overall quality of life, especially in the context of population growth, climate change, and growing demands on public space. The analysis of historical cases of this article shows the strategic role of water in the rise of civilisations, the development of infrastructure, and its use in economy or defence. The main part of the article compares contemporary examples of eco-neighbourhoods in France: Parc Marianne in Montpellier, the Olympic Village in Saint-Denis, and the Docks de Saint-Ouen in Paris. These are examined mainly in terms of urban design, water management, mobility, social inclusion, and public space. The text is complemented by the legal framework of ecological planning in France, including tools such as the ZAC, PLU, SCOT and the ÉcoQuartier programme. The findings confirm that the systematic integration of water in urban planning increases cities’ climate resilience, supports biodiversity, and improves quality of life. Water is thus not only a technical element, but also a symbolic and urban design component, continuing historical traditions while addressing contemporary sustainability challenges.
This article explores the importance of water in both historical and contemporary urbanism, with emphasis on its multifunctional role. Water is not only essential for life, but also crucial for improving urban microclimate. Water features, together with greenery, help cool urban areas and reduce the urban heat island effect. This contributes to better health, well-being, and overall quality of life, especially in the context of population growth, climate change, and growing demands on public space. The analysis of historical cases of this article shows the strategic role of water in the rise of civilisations, the development of infrastructure, and its use in economy or defence. The main part of the article compares contemporary examples of eco-neighbourhoods in France: Parc Marianne in Montpellier, the Olympic Village in Saint-Denis, and the Docks de Saint-Ouen in Paris. These are examined mainly in terms of urban design, water management, mobility, social inclusion, and public space. The text is complemented by the legal framework of ecological planning in France, including tools such as the ZAC, PLU, SCOT and the ÉcoQuartier programme. The findings confirm that the systematic integration of water in urban planning increases cities’ climate resilience, supports biodiversity, and improves quality of life. Water is thus not only a technical element, but also a symbolic and urban design component, continuing historical traditions while addressing contemporary sustainability challenges.
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Prostor pro život: voda. Sborník mezinárodní konference Krajina Sídla Památky 2025, s. 238-247. ISBN 978-80-214-6354-7. ISSN 3029-8245.
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Except where otherwised noted, this item's license is described as Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License

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