General Floating Element Simulator Employing VDCCs and Grounded Components

Abstract

In this study, a new general floating element simulator circuit employing two voltage differencing current conveyors (VDCCs) and three passive components is proposed. Depending on the passive component selection the presented circuit can realize floating frequency dependent negative resistor (FDNR), floating inductor, floating capacitor, and floating resistor simulator circuits. The circuit does not require any component matching conditions. Moreover, the proposed FDNR, inductance, capacitor and resistor simulator can be tuned electronically by changing the biasing current of the VDCC or can be controlled through the grounded resistor(s) if voltage controlled resistor is considered. The proposed floating inductor or capacitor simulators are verified in voltage-mode 3rd-order elliptic low-pass filter circuit simulated via SPICE using 90 nm, level 7 PTM CMOS technology parameters.