Vzťah cesty a vodného toku na vybraných horských priechodoch severozápadného Slovenska v 13. – 19. storočí
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Šimko, Peter
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Mark
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Vysoké učení technické v Brně, Fakulta stavební
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Príspevok hľadá odpoveď na otázku, ako vodný tok limitoval trasovanie historických ciest v priestore priesmykov a sediel na území hornej časti Trenčianskej stolice a Turčianskej stolice. Nadväzuje na príspevok týkajúci sa horských priechodov v minulom zborníku Krajina – Sídla – Památky. Príspevok je časovo vymedzený obdobím od prvých písomných prameňov (13. storočie) po koniec 1. polovice 19. storočia. Odpoveď na uvedenú otázku hľadáme na štyroch príkladoch horských priechodov: cesty z Turca do Banskej Bystrice, cesta vo Fačkovskom sedle, cesta v sedle Žiare a cesta vo Vríckom sedle. Výskum sa opiera nielen o archívne pramene, ale aj o bohaté historické mapové podklady i vlastný výskum v teréne. Na základe toho sa pokúšame rekonštruovať, či boli jednotlivé horské priechody využívané stále alebo sa trasy ciest v nich časom menili a či pri týchto zmenách kopírovali vodný tok, alebo bolo uplatnené iné kritérium trasovania (z úpätia do sedla priečnym horským chrbtom alebo v neskoršom období napr. využitie tzv. vláseniek). Príspevok sa tiež pokúša odpovedať na otázku, do akej miery vodný tok napomáhal pohybu osôb a tovaru v horskej oblasti severozápadných Karpát alebo vzhľadom na iné prírodné okolnosti bol tento pohyb výraznejšie obmedzovaný.
The paper seeks an answer to the question how the water flow limited the route of historical roads in the area of passes and saddles in the territory of the upper part of the Trenčianska Stolica and Turčianska Stolica (today in Slovak republic). It is a continuation of the paper concerning mountain passes in the previous volume. The paper is timed from the first written sources (13th century) to the end of the first half of the 19th century. The answer to the above question is sought through four examples of mountain passes: the road from Turiec to Banská Bystrica, the road in the Fačkovské saddle, the road in the Žiare saddle and the road in the Vrícke saddle. The research is based not only on archival sources, but also on rich historical map documentation and our own research in the field. On this basis, we try to reconstruct whether the individual mountain passes were used permanently or whether the routes of the paths changed over time and whether they followed the water flow or whether a different criterion of routing was applied (from the foothills to the saddle through the transverse mountain ridge or, in the later period, e.g. the use of the road bends - so-called hairpins). The paper also attempts to answer the question to what extent the watercourse facilitated the movement of people and goods in the mountain area of the north-western Carpathians, or whether, due to other natural circumstances, this movement was significantly restricted.
The paper seeks an answer to the question how the water flow limited the route of historical roads in the area of passes and saddles in the territory of the upper part of the Trenčianska Stolica and Turčianska Stolica (today in Slovak republic). It is a continuation of the paper concerning mountain passes in the previous volume. The paper is timed from the first written sources (13th century) to the end of the first half of the 19th century. The answer to the above question is sought through four examples of mountain passes: the road from Turiec to Banská Bystrica, the road in the Fačkovské saddle, the road in the Žiare saddle and the road in the Vrícke saddle. The research is based not only on archival sources, but also on rich historical map documentation and our own research in the field. On this basis, we try to reconstruct whether the individual mountain passes were used permanently or whether the routes of the paths changed over time and whether they followed the water flow or whether a different criterion of routing was applied (from the foothills to the saddle through the transverse mountain ridge or, in the later period, e.g. the use of the road bends - so-called hairpins). The paper also attempts to answer the question to what extent the watercourse facilitated the movement of people and goods in the mountain area of the north-western Carpathians, or whether, due to other natural circumstances, this movement was significantly restricted.
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stredovek , novovek , cesta , rieka , potok , voz , priesmyk , horské sedlo , middle-ages , modern times , road , river , stream , chariot , pass , mountain saddle
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Prostor pro život: voda. Sborník mezinárodní konference Krajina Sídla Památky 2025, s. 132-149. ISBN 978-80-214-6354-7. ISSN 3029-8245.
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sk
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