Internal flow and air core dynamics in Simplex and Spill-return pressure-swirl atomizers

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dc.contributor.authorMalý, Milancs
dc.contributor.authorJedelský, Jancs
dc.contributor.authorSláma, Jaroslavcs
dc.contributor.authorJanáčková, Ladacs
dc.contributor.authorSapík, Marcelcs
dc.contributor.authorWigley, Grahamcs
dc.contributor.authorJícha, Miroslavcs
dc.coverage.issue1cs
dc.coverage.volume123cs
dc.date.issued2018-08-01cs
dc.description.abstractSpill-return (SR) atomizers enhance the construction of Simplex atomizers by addition of a passage in the rear wall of the swirl chamber through which the liquid can be spilled away. It allows to discharge the liquid always at a high pressure and to spray well over a wide flow rate range. The spray characteristics of pressure-swirl atomizers are strongly linked to the internal flow, and the air-core dynamics affect the spray stability. The SR atomizers are rarely investigated and their internal flow is not studied at all. Therefore, in this paper, the Simplex and SR atomizers with a central SR orifice were examined comparatively. Transparent polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) models of both atomizers scaled 10:1 were manufactured for the visualization and velocity measurements of the flow inside the swirl chamber. The atomizers were examined by means of high-speed imaging, laser-Doppler anemometry and computational fluid dynamics tools. The experimental and numerical results were analysed and compared in terms of the spray cone angle (SCA), discharge coefficient (CD), and the morphology and temporal stability of the air core. The internal flow characteristics between the original and the model were matched using the Reynolds, Swirl and Froude numbers. The test conditions were limited to inlet Reynolds numbers from 750 to 1750. The results show that the addition of the spill passage strongly affects the internal flow even when the spill-line is closed. The air core in the Simplex atomizer is fully developed and stable for all flow regimes. The SR atomizer behaved differently; with the closed spill-line (spill-to-feed ratio, SFR = 0), the air core does not form at all; therefore, the spray is unstable. The reason is that the liquid, contained in the spill-line, is drained back into the swirl chamber due to a recirculation zone found inside the spill-line. Increasing the SFR stabilizes the internal flow, and the spray becomes stable if SFR > 0.15. The air core begins to form for SFR > 0.4. The results suggest that the axially positioned spill orifice is inappropriate and its placing off-axis would improve the spray stability. The results of the 2D numerical simulation matched closely with the experiments in terms of SCA, CD, velocity profiles, and air core morphology which proved its prediction capabilities.en
dc.formattextcs
dc.format.extent805-814cs
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfcs
dc.identifier.citationInternational journal of heat and mass transfer. 2018, vol. 123, issue 1, p. 805-814.en
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.02.090cs
dc.identifier.issn0017-9310cs
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-1193-519Xcs
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-1268-8434cs
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-1409-5165cs
dc.identifier.other146685cs
dc.identifier.researcheridAAY-7288-2021cs
dc.identifier.researcheridA-9224-2013cs
dc.identifier.researcheridAAD-1936-2019cs
dc.identifier.researcheridCVT-7747-2022cs
dc.identifier.scopus57189715785cs
dc.identifier.scopus23090535800cs
dc.identifier.scopus57201154516cs
dc.identifier.scopus6602494673cs
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11012/186578
dc.language.isoencs
dc.publisherElseviercs
dc.relation.ispartofInternational journal of heat and mass transfercs
dc.relation.urihttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0017931017356879cs
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalcs
dc.rights.accessopenAccesscs
dc.rights.sherpahttp://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/issn/0017-9310/cs
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/cs
dc.subjectinternal flow dynamicsen
dc.subjectpressure-swirlen
dc.subjecttransparent nozzleen
dc.subjectCFDen
dc.subjectspill return atomizeren
dc.subjectair coreen
dc.titleInternal flow and air core dynamics in Simplex and Spill-return pressure-swirl atomizersen
dc.type.driverarticleen
dc.type.statusPeer-revieweden
dc.type.versionacceptedVersionen
sync.item.dbidVAV-146685en
sync.item.dbtypeVAVen
sync.item.insts2024.03.08 16:45:58en
sync.item.modts2024.03.08 16:13:06en
thesis.grantorVysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství. EÚ-odbor termomechaniky a techniky prostředícs
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