An Implementation of Compact Quarter-Wave-Like- Transformers Using Multi-section Transmission Lines

Abstract

This paper proposes a novel miniaturization technique of quarter-wave transformers (QWTs), implemented using multi-section transmission lines (MSTLs), based on the quarter-wave-like transformer (QWLT) theory. Multi-section QWLT characteristics are derived analytically and solved via appropriate optimization algorithms for associated transmission-line parameters. For an illustration purpose, two- and three-section QWLT prototypes with 50% physical size reduction from the corresponding QWT size operating at 2.4 GHz are fabricated using microstrips and tested. It is found that these prototypes yield acceptable return loss at 2.4 GHz without significant bandwidth reduction, comparing to the QWT result.