Membránová destilace založená na tenkých polypropylenových membránách: vývoj a testování laboratorní jednotky
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Date
Authors
Kalnická, Barbora
Advisor
Referee
Mark
A
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická
ORCID
Abstract
V súvislosti s celosvetovou krízou nedostatku vody sa odsoľovanie oceánskej vody a čistenie odpadových vôd stali veľmi dôležitými oblasťami výskumu. Cieľom tejto práce je prispieť k budúcnosti bez nedostatku pitnej vody zavedením vysoko energeticky účinného spôsobu čistenia vody, pri ktorom sa pomocou membránovej destilácie získava vysokokvalitný produkt. Táto technológia má veľký potenciál stať sa významným prínosom pre priemysel úpravy vody, ale jej plný potenciál ešte nebol využitý z dôvodu nutnosti ďalšieho výskumu. Tento článok poskytuje komplexný prehľad procesu membránovej destilácie vrátane princípov jej fungovania a rôznych typov membránovej destilácie. Okrem toho táto práca poukazuje na problémy spojené s danou technológiou a rieši ich vedecky. Experimentálna štúdia bola vykonaná s cieľom identifikovať najlepšie prevádzkové podmienky pre konkrétny typ hydrofóbnych membrán a zmierniť riziko zmáčania membrán. Z analýzy výhod a nevýhod technológie vyplýva, že hoci má membránová destilácia potenciál byť vysoko efektívna pri čistení vody, čelí obmedzeniam, ktoré je potrebné zohľadniť.
In the face of the global water scarcity crisis, ocean water desalination and wastewater purification have become essential technological fields. This research aims to contribute to a future with no fresh water shortage by introducing a highly energetically efficient approach to water purification that produces high-quality product through the use of membrane distillation. This technology holds great promise to become a significant contributor to the water treatment industry. However, its full potential has not yet been realised due to the need for further research. This thesis provides a comprehensive overview of the membrane distillation process, including the principles of its operation and different membrane distillation types. In addition, this study highlights the challenges associated with the technology and addresses them in a scientific manner. An experimental study was conducted to identify the best operational conditions for a specific hydrophobic membrane type and mitigate the risk of membrane wetting. The analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of technology reveals that while membrane distillation has the potential to be highly effective in water purification, it faces limitations that need to be considered.
In the face of the global water scarcity crisis, ocean water desalination and wastewater purification have become essential technological fields. This research aims to contribute to a future with no fresh water shortage by introducing a highly energetically efficient approach to water purification that produces high-quality product through the use of membrane distillation. This technology holds great promise to become a significant contributor to the water treatment industry. However, its full potential has not yet been realised due to the need for further research. This thesis provides a comprehensive overview of the membrane distillation process, including the principles of its operation and different membrane distillation types. In addition, this study highlights the challenges associated with the technology and addresses them in a scientific manner. An experimental study was conducted to identify the best operational conditions for a specific hydrophobic membrane type and mitigate the risk of membrane wetting. The analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of technology reveals that while membrane distillation has the potential to be highly effective in water purification, it faces limitations that need to be considered.
Description
Keywords
Membránová destilácia , polypropylénové duté vlákna , mikroporézne membrány , zmáčanie membrán , laboratórna jednotka na membránovú destiláciu , síran sodný , dodecylsíran sodný , Membrane distillation , polypropylene hollow fibres , microporous membranes , membrane wetting , laboratory unit for membrane distillation , sodium sulphate , sodium dodecyl sulphate
Citation
KALNICKÁ, B. Membránová destilace založená na tenkých polypropylenových membránách: vývoj a testování laboratorní jednotky [online]. Brno: Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická. 2023.
Document type
Document version
Date of access to the full text
Language of document
en
Study field
bez specializace
Comittee
doc. Mgr. Renata Komendová, Ph.D. (člen)
doc. MVDr. Helena Zlámalová Gargošová, Ph.D. (člen)
prof. Ing. Tomáš Svěrák, CSc. (člen)
prof. Ing. Jiří Kučerík, Ph.D. (předseda)
doc. Mgr. Michaela Vašinová Galiová, Ph.D. (místopředseda)
dr. Maximilian Meyer (RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau) (člen)
dr. Zacharias Steinmetz (RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau) (člen)
Date of acceptance
2023-05-23
Defence
The student presented the most significant results of her thesis. Afterwards, the reports by the thesis advisor and the thesis reviewer were presented. This was followed by the reviewer’s follow-up questions. Both questions were answered to the reviewer’s satisfaction.
The discussion on the thesis followed. Members of the committee asked for example the following questions: Could you describe other uses and approaches to membranes? What are advantages and disadvantages of membrane distillation? What is the optimal value of conductivity of the solution? Did you manage to remove all ions from the solution? How could your method be used on a larger scale?
During the discussion, the student demonstrated excellent knowledge of the subject, and she was able to provide prompt answers to all questions asked by the committee.
Result of defence
práce byla úspěšně obhájena