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Recent Submissions

Access status: Open Access ,
Performance of top-of-rail products under contaminated conditions with pre-existing cracks: Impacts on traction and surface damage
(Elsevier, 2026-03-01) Skurka, Šimon; Galas, Radovan; Li, Jiaxin; Wang, Honghao; Omasta, Milan; Ding, Haohao; Wang, Wenjian; Křupka, Ivan; Hartl, Martin
Top-of-rail (TOR) products are used to optimise friction and reduce wear in the wheel-rail contact. However, their performance is affected by the presence of oxide layers naturally formed on the rail surface and by other environmental contaminants such as water. In this study, two types of TOR products (one friction modifier and one TOR lubricant) were tested under dry and wet conditions on both clean and oxidised specimens. In addition, some specimens were preconditioned to form pre-existing cracks, allowing a comparison between undamaged and damaged surfaces. The investigation focused on traction (CoT), wear rate, and rolling contact fatigue (RCF). The results showed that, with respect to CoT, water influenced the TOR lubricant much more than the friction modifier, as it extended its retentivity and led to extremely low friction levels (CoT down to 0.05). Both products effectively reduced wear and prevented crack initiation. However, when pre-existing cracks were present, the combination of water and the liquid base of TOR products accelerated crack propagation and caused severe spalling. Interestingly, oxidation also contributed to crack growth, as oxide formation inside the crack induced internal pressure that promoted secondary crack propagation.
Access status: Open Access ,
Alternativní zdroje elektrické energie
(Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií) Zukal, Jiří; Fiala, Pavel; Vlček, Čestmír; Maxa, Jiří
Téma disertační práce je zaměřeno na výzkum a návrh koncepce zařízení pro účinný převod posuvného mechanického pohybu na elektrickou energii využitím elektromagnetického principu. Generátor (harvestor) pracuje v oblasti přeměny okamžitě dodaného elektrického výkonu v rozsahu Pout = 100–10 000 W. Jako mechanický pohon je uvažována lineární spalovací jednotka. Navržená sestava může nalézt uplatnění v automobilovém průmyslu jako jednotka sériového hybridního pohonu nebo jako prodlužovač dojezdu (range extender) u bateriového elektromobilu. Využití je možné také jako stacionární generátor elektrické energie. Výzkum je rozdělen do tří oblastí: 1. První oblast se zabývá návrhem elektromagnetické části lineárního generátoru, řešením magnetického obvodu a přizpůsobením dynamiky pohybu pro optimální transformaci energie. 2. Druhá oblast je zaměřena na samotnou pohonnou jednotku, jeho konstrukční návrh a návrh řídicího systému zajišťujícího optimální funkci harvestoru. 3. Třetí oblast se soustředí na vazbu elektromagnetického generátoru a lineárního pohonu, například spalovacího motoru s volnými písty (free-piston linear engine), a na společnou koexistenci obou částí, jak teoreticky popsanou tak experimentálně ověřenou. Experimentální ověření lineárního generátoru bylo provedeno na laboratorním modelu používaných lineárních generátorů. Dále byl zkoumán a navržen elektronický obvod pro řízení odebíraného výkonu na základě PFC obvodu.
Access status: Open Access ,
Generalized Voronoi Diagram-Guided and Contact-Optimized Motion Planning for Snake Robots
(MDPI, 2026-01-19) Shehadeh, Mhd Ali; Šeda, Miloš
In robot motion planning in a space with obstacles, the goal is to find a collision-free path for robots from the start to the target position. Numerous fundamentally different approaches, and their many variants, address this problem depending on the types of obstacles, the dimensionality of the space and the restrictions on robot movements. We present a hierarchical motion planning framework for snake-like robots navigating cluttered environments. At the global level, a bounded Generalized Voronoi Diagram (GVD) generates a maximal-clearance path through complex terrain. To overcome the limitations of pure avoidance strategies, we incorporate a local trajectory optimization layer that enables Obstacle-Aided Locomotion (OAL). This is realized through a simulation-in-theloop system in CoppeliaSim, where gait parameters are optimized using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based on contact forces and energy efficiency. By coupling high-level deliberative planning with low-level contact-aware control, our approach enhances both adaptability and locomotion efficiency. Experimental results demonstrate improved motion performance compared to conventional planners that neglect environmental contact.
Access status: Open Access ,
Multi-Aspect Evaluation of Ventilated Façade Brackets with Thermal Breaks
(MDPI, 2026-01-18) Barnat, Jan; Rubinová, Olga; Rubina, Aleš; Bajer, Miroslav; Šmak, Milan
Ventilated façade systems are being increasingly used in energy-efficient building envelopes due to their configurational flexibility and potential to reduce thermal bridging. This study focuses on the experimental evaluation of anchoring components used in such systems, specifically examining the effect of various thermal insulation pads and internal inserts on the system’s mechanical, thermal, and fire performance. A series of laboratory tests was carried out to assess the static behavior of aluminum brackets under both tensile (suction wind load) and compressive (pressure wind load) forces. The results demonstrate that the use of thermal pads and inserts does not lead to any significant degradation of the mechanical capacity of the anchoring brackets, confirming their structural reliability. Additional thermal testing revealed that the use of insulating materials significantly reduces heat transfer through the brackets. Fire resistance tests were conducted to compare the performance of different types of insulation pads under elevated temperatures. The findings indicate that the choice of pad material substantially influences both fire integrity and thermal performance. This study confirms the potential of incorporating optimized insulating pads and inserts into façade brackets to enhance the thermal and fire performance of ventilated façades without compromising their structural behavior.
Access status: Open Access ,
Effective solution of nonlinear DAEs problems using Taylor series method
(DeGruyter, 2026-01-20) Veigend, Petr; Šátek, Václav; Nečasová, Gabriela
Most methods for solving ordinary differential equations use a limited order to calculate the results. The higher-order method based on the Taylor series presented in this article can use as many terms of the Taylor series as necessary to obtain a stable and accurate solution. When solving nonlinear problems using this method, the solution can be complex. This paper introduces a new approach to solving nonlinear problems using the explicit Taylor series method. It compares this new approach against the previously used approach and the state-of-the-art solvers in MATLAB software.