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\contentsline {chapter}{\IeC {\'U}vod}{12}{section*.6}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {1}Neuronov\IeC {\'e} s\IeC {\'\i }t\IeC {\v e}}{13}{chapter.7}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.1}Neuron}{14}{section.9}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.1.1}Um\IeC {\v e}l\IeC {\'y} neuron}{15}{subsection.11}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.2}Princip fungov\IeC {\'a}n\IeC {\'\i } s\IeC {\'\i }t\IeC {\v e}}{16}{section.14}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.3}Strojov\IeC {\'e} u\IeC {\v c}en\IeC {\'\i }}{17}{section.16}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.3.1}U\IeC {\v c}en\IeC {\'\i } s u\IeC {\v c}itelem}{17}{subsection.17}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.3.2}U\IeC {\v c}en\IeC {\'\i } bez u\IeC {\v c}itele}{18}{subsection.18}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.4}Konvolu\IeC {\v c}n\IeC {\'\i } neuronov\IeC {\'e} s\IeC {\'\i }t\IeC {\v e}}{19}{section.21}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.4.1}Konvolu\IeC {\v c}n\IeC {\'\i } vrstva}{20}{subsection.26}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Dilatovan\IeC {\'a} konvolu\IeC {\v c}n\IeC {\'\i } vrstva}{21}{section*.30}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.4.2}Sdru\IeC {\v z}ovac\IeC {\'\i } vrstva}{22}{subsection.31}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.4.3}Pln\IeC {\v e} propojen\IeC {\'a} vrstva}{23}{subsection.34}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Metoda dropout}{23}{section*.35}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.5}D\IeC {\'a}vkov\IeC {\'a} normalizace}{24}{section.36}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.6}Aktiva\IeC {\v c}n\IeC {\'\i } funkce}{25}{section.41}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.6.1}ReLU}{25}{subsection.42}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.6.2}Sigmoid}{25}{subsection.45}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.6.3}Tanh}{26}{subsection.48}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.6.4}Softmax}{26}{subsection.51}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.6.5}LReLU - Leaky ReLU}{27}{subsection.53}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {2}Anal\IeC {\'y}za probl\IeC {\'e}mu}{28}{chapter.56}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.1}Segmentace obrazu}{28}{section.57}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.2}Sou\IeC {\v c}asn\IeC {\'e} metody segmentace obrazu}{29}{section.58}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.2.1}Detekce hran}{29}{subsection.59}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.2.2}Prahov\IeC {\'a}n\IeC {\'\i }}{30}{subsection.61}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.2.3}Metody zalo\IeC {\v z}en\IeC {\'e} na regionech}{32}{subsection.73}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Metoda spojov\IeC {\'a}n\IeC {\'\i } oblasti }{32}{section*.74}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Metoda \IeC {\v s}t\IeC {\v e}pen\IeC {\'\i } oblasti }{32}{section*.75}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Metoda watershed transform }{32}{section*.76}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Metoda nar\IeC {\r u}st\IeC {\'a}n\IeC {\'\i } oblasti}{32}{section*.77}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Shlukov\IeC {\'a} anal\IeC {\'y}za}{33}{section*.78}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.2.4}Znalostn\IeC {\'\i } metody}{34}{subsection.80}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Active Appearance Models}{34}{section*.81}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.2.5}Hybridn\IeC {\'\i } metody}{34}{subsection.82}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Metody zalo\IeC {\v z}en\IeC {\'e} na neuronov\IeC {\'y}ch s\IeC {\'\i }t\IeC {\'\i }ch}{34}{section*.83}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.3}U-net}{37}{section.84}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.3.1}Architektura}{37}{subsection.85}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.4}V\IeC {\'y}vojov\IeC {\'e} prost\IeC {\v r}ed\IeC {\'\i }}{39}{section.87}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.4.1}Tensorflow}{39}{subsection.88}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.4.2}Keras}{39}{subsection.89}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.4.3}Numpy}{39}{subsection.90}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.4.4}Scikit}{40}{subsection.91}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.5}Vstupn\IeC {\'\i } data}{41}{section.92}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.5.1}Magnetick\IeC {\'a} rezonance - MRI}{41}{subsection.93}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.5.2}Popis zpracov\IeC {\'a}van\IeC {\'y}ch dat}{41}{subsection.94}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Pozn\IeC {\'a}mky k manu\IeC {\'a}ln\IeC {\'\i } segmentaci}{42}{section*.96}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Vizualizace segmentace}{43}{section*.97}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Vizualizace 3D skenu}{44}{section*.99}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {3}Implementace v\IeC {\'\i }cet\IeC {\v r}\IeC {\'\i }d\IeC {\'e} segmentace}{45}{chapter.102}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.1}Transformace vstupn\IeC {\'\i }ch dat}{45}{section.103}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.1.1}Zpracov\IeC {\'a}n\IeC {\'\i } vstupn\IeC {\'\i }ch dat a proces v\IeC {\'y}po\IeC {\v c}t\IeC {\r u}}{46}{subsection.104}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.1.2}Z\IeC {\'a}kladn\IeC {\'\i } zpracov\IeC {\'a}n\IeC {\'\i } dat a na\IeC {\v c}ten\IeC {\'\i } do numpy}{46}{subsection.105}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.2}Extrakce 3D obr\IeC {\'a}zku na men\IeC {\v s}\IeC {\'\i } \IeC {\v c}\IeC {\'a}st\IeC {\'\i }}{47}{section.107}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.2.1}Rozd\IeC {\v e}len\IeC {\'\i } 3D skenu pomoc\IeC {\'\i } posuvn\IeC {\'e}ho 3D okna}{48}{subsection.109}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.3}Augmentace dat}{48}{section.114}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.3.1}Aplikace augmentace}{49}{subsection.115}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.4}Vytvo\IeC {\v r}en\IeC {\'\i } modelu a jeho parametry}{50}{section.116}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.5}Rekonstrukce dat}{50}{section.117}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {4}V\IeC {\'y}sledky a jejich vyhodnocen\IeC {\'\i }}{52}{chapter.120}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.1}Metriky pro hodnocen\IeC {\'\i } segmentace}{52}{section.121}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.1.1}Dice koeficient}{52}{subsection.122}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.1.2}Hausdorffova vzd\IeC {\'a}lenost}{52}{subsection.124}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.1.3}Sn\IeC {\'\i }mkov\IeC {\'a} podobnost}{53}{subsection.126}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.2}N\IeC {\'a}ro\IeC {\v c}nost v\IeC {\'y}po\IeC {\v c}tu a parametry tr\IeC {\'e}nov\IeC {\'a}n\IeC {\'\i }}{53}{section.128}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.3}Pr\IeC {\r u}b\IeC {\v e}h tr\IeC {\'e}nov\IeC {\'a}n\IeC {\'\i } neuronov\IeC {\'e} s\IeC {\'\i }t\IeC {\v e}}{53}{section.129}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.3.1}Tr\IeC {\'e}nov\IeC {\'a}n\IeC {\'\i } pomoc\IeC {\'\i } cel\IeC {\'y}ch 3D sken\IeC {\r u}}{54}{subsection.130}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.3.2}Tr\IeC {\'e}nov\IeC {\'a}n\IeC {\'\i } pomoc\IeC {\'\i } fragment\IeC {\r u}}{55}{subsection.133}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.4}V\IeC {\'y}sledky segmentace}{56}{section.135}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.1}P\IeC {\v r}esnost tr\IeC {\'e}nov\IeC {\'a}n\IeC {\'\i } po cel\IeC {\'y}ch 3D skenech}{56}{subsection.136}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.2}P\IeC {\v r}esnost tr\IeC {\'e}nov\IeC {\'a}n\IeC {\'\i } po fragmentech}{57}{subsection.138}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.3}V\IeC {\'y}sledn\IeC {\'a} 3D segmentace}{58}{subsection.141}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.5}Vyhodnocen\IeC {\'\i } v\IeC {\'y}sledk\IeC {\r u} a mo\IeC {\v z}n\IeC {\'e} pokra\IeC {\v c}ov\IeC {\'a}n\IeC {\'\i } pr\IeC {\'a}ce}{60}{section.144}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {5}Z\IeC {\'a}v\IeC {\v e}r}{61}{chapter.145}
\contentsline {chapter}{Literatura}{62}{section*.147}
\contentsline {chapter}{Seznam symbol\r {u}, veli\v {c}in a zkratek}{66}{section*.149}
\contentsline {chapter}{Seznam p\v {r}\'{\i }loh}{67}{section*.151}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {A}Obsah p\IeC {\v r}ilo\IeC {\v z}en\IeC {\'e}ho CD }{68}{chapter.152}
